“…Nevertheless,t he XPS spectra of Si ions and morphology of Ti-SiO x did not noticeably change after the 20 hs tability test, suggesting that Si suboxides (Si 1+ ,S i 2+ ,a nd Si 3+ )a re able to provide stable water oxidation sites and the overall reaction is steady (Supporting Information, Figure S12), which confirms the good chemical stability.The XPS spectra of Ti 2p were found as two peaks:T i 3+ 2p 1/2 at 461.06 eV and Ti 4+ 2p 3/2 at 458.08 eV. [20] Therefore,t he Ti ion-doped thin SiO x film has ah igher conductivity than the non-doped SiO x layer and facilitates the charge transfer through the Ti-SiO x layer (Supporting Information, Figure S13). [20] Therefore,t he Ti ion-doped thin SiO x film has ah igher conductivity than the non-doped SiO x layer and facilitates the charge transfer through the Ti-SiO x layer (Supporting Information, Figure S13).…”