Effect of silymarin and vitamin E on gentamicin‐induced nephrotoxicity in dogs

Abstract

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is an important cause of renal failure in dogs. Aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin, can produce nephrotoxicity in dogs, due to in part to an imbalance of pro- and antioxidants (oxidative stress). Silymarin (the mixture of flavonolignans extracted from Silybum marianum) has potentially beneficial antioxidant properties. A control group (saline, group 1, n = 5) was compared with dogs that were administrated gentamicin by intramuscular injection, at dosage of 20 mg/kg, once daily for 9 days (groups 2-5, n = 5 per group). The effects of vitamin E (group 3) and silymarin (group 4) alone and in combination (group 5) were compared for induced nephrotoxicity. Renal function was assessed using serum biochemical markers (creatinine and urea). Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured as a marker of lipid peroxidation. The activity of total serum antioxidants (TSAO) was assessed as a marker of antioxidant defences. Serum creatinine and urea concentrations were increased significantly and TSAO was decreased significantly in group 2 compared with group 1. Serum creatinine concentrations but not urea concentrations were significantly lower in groups 3 and 4 than in group 2 (P = 0.001). Serum MDA concentrations was significantly different between groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.01), 2 and 4 (P < 0.001) and 4 and 5 (P = 0.01). TSAO activity was significantly in group 4 (silymarin) than in group 2 (P = 0.002). Silymarin and vitamin E decreased gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in dogs.

Nephroprotective activity ofMacrothelypteris oligophlebiarhizomes ethanol extract

“…Moreover, this underlying mechanism has been supported by the fact that administration of several components with antioxidant properties, free radical scavengers and antioxidant enzyme are capable of preventing GM-induced nephrotoxicity (Balakumar et al, 2010). This, for instance, including vitamin E (Varzi et al, 2007), (Mazzon et al, 2001), SOD mimetic (Cuzzocrea et al, 2002), and curcumin (Farombi & Ekor, 2006). Furthermore, our results confirm the hypothesis that ARF is related to renal oxidative injury.…”

Dose-Dependent Amelioration of Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Adult Swiss Albino Rats by Vitamin B-complex - A Preliminary Study

“…These consistent effects have been recognized 5,6,7 and suggest that histological studies of the kidney may not be necessary to confirm nephrotoxicity in this model 6 . The dose-dependent amelioration of nephrotoxicity in this model by vitamin Bcomplex is clinically important.…”

Comparison of the Prophylactic Effect of Silymarin and Deferoxamine on Iron Overload-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat

“…In our previous study, administration of silymarin caused a generally protective and ameliorative effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in dogs [36]. The protective effect of silymarin is associated with its antioxidant properties, as it possibly acts as a free radical scavenger, lipid peroxidation inhibitor, and preservation of the activity of total serum antioxidants [17].…”