Effect of silane pretreatment on the immediate bonding of universal adhesives to computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing lithium disilicate glass ceramics

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of silane pretreatment on the universal adhesive bonding between lithium disilicate glass ceramic and composite resin. IPS e.max ceramic blocks etched with hydrofluoric acid were randomly assigned to one of eight groups treated with one of four universal adhesives (two silane-free adhesives and two silane-containing adhesives), each with or without silane pretreatment. Bonded specimens were stored in water for 24 h. The shear bond strength (SBS) of the ceramic-resin interface was measured to evaluate bond strength, and the debonded interface after the SBS test was analysed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy to determine failure mode. Light microscopy was performed to analyse microleakage and marginal sealing ability. Silane pretreatment significantly and positively influenced SBS and marginal sealing ability. For all the universal adhesive groups, SBS increased and the percentage of microleakage decreased after the pretreatment. Without the pretreatment, SBS and the percentage of microleakage were not significantly different between the silane-containing universal adhesive groups and the silane-free groups. Cohesive failure was the main fracture pattern. The results suggest that additional silane pretreatment can effectively improve the bonding strength and marginal sealing of adhesives to lithium disilicate glass ceramics. The bonding performance of silane-containing universal adhesives without pretreatment is similar to that of silane-free adhesives.

Bonding Strength of Universal Adhesives to Indirect Substrates: A Meta‐Analysis of in Vitro Studies

“…In total, 51 studies were examined by full‐text reading. Of these studies, 6 were not included in the qualitative analysis: 2 studies did not use any experimental group with the use of a universal adhesive alone, 19,20 and 4 studies did not evaluate the bond strength with the use of composite or resin cement 21‐24 . Of the remaining 45 studies, 3 were excluded from the quantitative analysis because the mean and standard deviation could not be retrieved 25‐27 .…”

“…Seven different indirect substrates were considered in this review. These included lithium disilicate ceramic, 20,22,23,25,28‐39 yttrium‐stabilized zirconium dioxide ceramic, 20 ‐22, 24,27,32,37,40‐53 leucite‐reinforced ceramic, 20,54‐56 feldspathic porcelain, 32,59 polymer infiltrated ceramic material, 19,58 resin composite, 20,26,29,57,59‐66 and metal alloys 67–69 . The characteristics of these studies are summarized in Table 2.…”

Water-associated attributes in the contemporary dentin bonding milieu

“…Conceptually, embodiment of a new system of things provides an emerging platform through which novel vocabularies may be utilized for addressing deficiencies that prevail in previous systems. Despite their popularity, universal adhesives have been fictitiously portrayed, in the perception of some people, as a collection of low hanging fruits [11], plucked from the trajectory of pre-existed hardwares [3] and occasionally garnished with an unsuspected decorative [29][30][31][32], to provide an epiphanic resolution that caters for versatility and universality. From a sociological perspective, we have come a long way from the Renaissance ideal of versatility [33], the Uomo Univserale, which considered that man should embrace all knowledge in his capacity as the center of the universe.…”

Effect of a silane and phosphate functional monomer on shear bond strength of a resin-based luting agent to lithium disilicate ceramic and quartz materials

“…In addition, the acidic functional monomer in multicomponent ceramic bonding agents improves ceramic bonding because the accelerated condensation reaction is catalyzed by the acidic monomer (19). Although studies have investigated the bond strength of resin-based luting agents to lithium disilicate ceramic material (20)(21)(22), few have evaluated the adhesive performance of silane between a resinbased luting agent and lithium disilicate ceramic material or silica material, especially in relation to the efficiency of acidic adhesive functional monomers.…”