Effect of silane coupling agents on the performance of RO membranes

Permeation properties of organic compounds from aqueous solutions through hydrophobic silica membranes with different functional groups by pervaporation

“…Kim et al reported contact angles for reverse osmosis membranes prepared using methyltrietoxysilane, octyltrimetxysilane, and octadecylethoxysilane as the silica precursors. They found that the hydrophobicity of the membrane surface increased as the carbon chain length in the hydrophobic functional group increased [29]. In this work, the HTMS hydrophobic silica membrane, which had the longest carbon chain, also had the highest hydrophobicity.…”

Modification to the polyamide TFC RO membranes for improvement of chlorine-resistance

“…7). The high-resolution FE-SEM images display the enlarged skin layers, which are magnified 30,000 times more than previously reported SEM images [6]. FE-SEM and AFM images are complementary techniques to assess the surfaces of the uncoated and coated membranes.…”

“…Our previous study provided direct evidence on the success of the sol-gel method for surface modification [6]. This report mentioned that the change in the atomic content provided evidence of the chemical reaction.…”

“…Polyamides containing alkyl or aryl groups bonded to the amide nitrogen or tertiary amides are less sensitive to chlorine [5]. Additionally, in a previous paper we reported that a silane-coated membrane with long-chain alkyl and rigid phenyl groups enhances NaCl rejection [6].…”

Enhanced performance of inorganic-polyamide nanocomposite membranes prepared by metal-alkoxide-assisted interfacial polymerization

“…The rejection difference between the membranes was diminished at longer IP reaction times (more than 1 min), whereas the difference in water flux between the membranes remained. The permeation results suggest that the rate of metal-alkoxide hydrolysis might determine nanocomposite membrane performance [33]. The substitution group of the metal alkoxide might also have a significant influence on the nanocomposite membrane performance.…”