Modification to the polyamide TFC RO membranes for improvement of chlorine-resistance

Transformation of end-of-life RO membranes into NF and UF membranes: Evaluation of membrane performance

“…This pH condition let increase the hidrophility of the membrane surfaces and in consequence, exist less resistance to water passage through the membrane [25]. This fact has been observed also in other experimentation using NaOCl, where low chlorine exposure concentration [100-6,000] ppm·h was applied [23,27,28]. Results of these studies clearly addresses that the NaOCl is not only a good organic fouled membrane cleaner but also improves membrane performance.…”

Rapid Biogas Production by Compact Multi-Layer Membrane Bioreactor: Efficiency of Synthetic Polymeric Membranes

“…Research efforts are taking benefits of their attributes to increase their manufacturability, permeability and solubility; for example, by making them incorporate other chemicals for specific applications [20]. These would make possible the use of polyamides in different applications and is an important research field [21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

The porous structure of the fully-aromatic polyamide film in reverse osmosis membranes

“…The FAPA film is typically formed via the interfacial polymerization (IP) of m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC), which results in a rapid formation of a highly cross-linked network [2]. As many properties of RO membranes, such as permselectivity, resistance to oxidation properties, and fouling resistance are mainly determined by this cross-linked FAPA film [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], it is important to study its detailed structure for optimizing the RO membrane performance.…”