Effect of SiC particle size and heat-treatment on microhardness and corrosion resistance of NiP electrodeposited coatings

Ahmadkhaniha, Donya; Eriksson, Fredrik; Leisner, Peter; Zanella, Caterina

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.013

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…During electroplating, stirring was maintained at 250 rpm with a magnetic stirrer (6 cm width and 0.7 cm diameter) to produce the composite coatings. The size of the SiC particles was chosen according to previous results [7]. Composite coatings were named according to the SiC loading in the bath as NiP/10SiC and NiP/20SiC in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NiB coatings have high hardness, wear and abrasion resistance but are limited to applications within microelectronic industries and have much higher running costs. In contrast, NiP coatings have a more comprehensive industrial application due to their high corrosion resistance [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. NiP coatings can be categorized into three groups according to phosphorous content: Low phosphorous, from 2 wt.% to 5 wt.%; medium phosphorous, from 6 wt.% to 9 wt.%; and high phosphorous, between 10 wt.% and 13 wt.%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NiP coatings can be categorized into three groups according to phosphorous content: Low phosphorous, from 2 wt.% to 5 wt.%; medium phosphorous, from 6 wt.% to 9 wt.%; and high phosphorous, between 10 wt.% and 13 wt.%. By increasing the P content of the coatings, corrosion resistance improves while the hardness and wear resistance of the coatings decrease [3,7]. Although NiP coatings have been deposited mainly by the electroless technique, electrodeposited NiP coatings are a relatively new research topic and have attracted attention in recent years due to their low cost, easy manufacturability and rapidity [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

Ahmadkhaniha

Zanella

2019

Coatings

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In this study, electrodeposition of NiP composite coatings with the addition of SiC 100 nm was carried out on low carbon steel studying the effect of additives (sodium dodecyl sulfate, saccharin), particles load (10 or 20 g/L) and current density (1, 2 and 4 A/dm 2 ). As a benchmark, coatings from an additive-free bath were also deposited, despite additives being essential for a good quality of the coatings. The coating's morphology and composition were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was shown that by addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), pure NiP coating with a higher P content was achieved, and their morphology changed to nodular. SDS also reduced the codeposited fraction of SiC particles, while saccharin increased it. SiC loading and current density had less impact respect to the additives on codeposition of SiC particles. Finally, the microhardness of NiP coatings did not increase linearly by codeposition of SiC particles.Meanwhile, the amount and distribution of particles are related to electrodeposition parameters including particle characteristics (particle shape, size, concentration and surface charge), electrolyte composition (additives, surfactant type and concentration), pH and applied current (direct or pulsed current and current density) [17][18][19][20][21]. Several studies have reported the effect of process parameters on the amount of codeposited particles in the metal matrix [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. However, a low number of particles are usually codeposited in the case of nanoparticles, and they tend to agglomerate, which results in the poor mechanical behaviour of the coatings. Hence, increasing the amount of codeposition as well as improving the particle distribution in the matrix are the crucial issues that require further investigation.It is well known that introducing additives to the electrolyte affects the properties and appearance of deposits [20,22,25]. Additives can be categorised based on their application as grain refiners, levelling agents, and wetting agents or surfactants. Saccharin is a common brightening agent in the electrodeposition of nickel, which refines grains, inhibits the hydrogen evolution reaction and reduces the internal stress of the coatings [25][26][27][28]. In previous studies, it was shown that the addition of saccharin significantly improves the cathode current efficiency of the NiP electrodeposition [29]. However, saccharin decreased the SiC codeposition and phosphorus content, compared to deposits obtained from saccharin-free baths [30].Surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are needed in the case of electrodeposition processes where the current efficiency is below 100%. Hydrogen evolution is the common secondary cathodic reaction, and SDS can reduce the residence time of the H 2 bubble on the cathodic surface, and also pitting as well as porosity. Surfactants are beneficial for enhancing the stability and uniformity of the electrolyte by increasing the wettability an...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

Ahmadkhaniha

Zanella

2019

Coatings

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“…Ni-based alloy coatings can be an appropriate candidate 2,3 since they have shown high hardness and wear resistance. 4,5 NiP coatings are categorised in three different groups, depending on their P content, low (1-5 wt.%), medium (5-8 wt.%) and high phosphorus deposits (P above 10%). 6 By codeposition of a supersaturated content of P to Ni matrix, the order of the alloy is reduced, and then it becomes amorphous at high P level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 As-plated NiP coatings are good candidates for corrosive environments, but their hardness and wear resistance are still not sufficient for the harsher situations. 5 Heat treatments (HT) above 300°C are usually applied to these coatings and produce a crystalline structure with enhanced hardness by precipitation hardening. 7,9,10 Typically, a treatment of 400°C for an hour provides the maximum hardness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the effect of pulse plating parameters on the electrodeposition of NiP and NiP/SiC coatings and their microhardness values

Ahmadkhaniha

Tsongas

Tzetzis

et al. 2021

Transactions of the IMF

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This study is focused on finding optimised conditions for electrodeposition of NiP and NiP/SiC coatings, which enhance the coatings' microhardness. Both the effect of particles and the effect of heat treatment at 400°C for 1 h on the microhardness of the coating were studied. The effects of pulse electrodeposition parameters including duty cycle, frequency, and peak current density on the composition of NiP and NiP/SiC composite coatings were examined, and the results were compared with those from direct current plating. Pulse plating increased the current efficiency of NiP deposition while decreasing the phosphorus content of these coatings in comparison to direct plating, resulting in higher microhardness values. It was also shown that wt.%P in NiP coating depends not only on peak current density but also on bath charge of pulse plating. Pulse plating parameters (duty cycle and frequency) and the low incorporation of SiC particles did not affect microstructure or the microhardness of the coatings, while heat treatment was the main factor that increased microhardness.

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Composites

Péter

2021

Monographs in Electrochemistry

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Effect of SiC particle size and heat-treatment on microhardness and corrosion resistance of NiP electrodeposited coatings

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

Study of the effect of pulse plating parameters on the electrodeposition of NiP and NiP/SiC coatings and their microhardness values

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