Effect of Short Alternating Periods of Light and Darkness on Plant Growth

Garner, W. W.; Allard, H. A.

doi:10.1126/science.66.1697.40

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Here these three tools have been combined to examine the effects of light pulses on growth and development, with special attention to the length of the dark period between pulses. Consistent with eighty-eight-year-old observations using full-spectrum white light [14], the results indicate that seedlings treated with pulse light for several seconds are indistinguishable from those treated with a normal photoperiod. Examination of the dark interval shows that it may be extended without affecting seedling development for well past the equivalent seconds-long treatment to obtain the same effect from one 12 h light treatment.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The experiments follow observations from Garner and Allard [14] where they examined the effects of abnormal photoperiod on plant performance. In their report plants were grown under high intensity white light, with light/dark intervals ranging from 6 h down to seconds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this report we revisit another variable–the frequency of pulses applied in intervals of seconds to hours. While mostly confined to studies of intermittent pulse rate and photosynthesis [12, 13], other historical reports noted that varying treatments from seconds to minutes to hours can have profound effects on plant growth and development, with seconds-long pulses being visibly indistinguishable from a normal 12 hour dark-light photoperiod [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Manipulation of Seedling Traits with Pulsed Light in Closed Controlled Environments

Song

Kusuma

Carvalho

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is substantial interest in growing crops in closed controlled environments, yet the energy requirements are high. Energy is required to produce light, but also to remove the heat generated when producing light. The goal of the current work examines a possible approach to decrease the energy requirement. The effect of pulsed light treatments was examined by monitoring seedling traits during early photomorphogenic development. Daily light integral remained unchanged between treatments, but the frequency of the pulses was varied. Developmental traits (such as inhibition of hypocotyl elongation rate) were most conspicuous during a normal photoperiod, as in twelve hours light, twelve hours darkness. Consistent with historical reports, when treatments were delivered in shorter durations (e.g. 1 hour on/off) photomorphogenic development was hindered, with the same daily light integral. However, at even shorter light intervals (e.g. seconds) seedlings developed as if they were provided full 12 h treatments. Extension of the dark period following a 5 s pulse was tested to determine the effect on seedling traits. The results showed that the dark period could be extended to at least 10 s without affecting seedling development, and extension to 20 s only had slight effects on seedling traits. The mechanism of the phenomenon was examined in Arabidopsis photosensory mutants, with substantial contributions from the phyA and cry1 pathways. The results suggest that pulsed light with extended dark periods can decrease energy input by at least 30% to >50% without affecting visible seedling traits. These pilot experiments in seedlings demonstrate that implementation of short-interval, pulsed-light strategies may lower energy requirements for growing crops in artificially illuminated environments.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Manipulation of Seedling Traits with Pulsed Light in Closed Controlled Environments

Song

Kusuma

Carvalho

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, the light phase is important environmental factor in plant growth (e.g. Garner and Allard 1927).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of extending the light phase on diapause induction in a Japanese population of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Artificial lighting is a merit of a 'plant factory', which might be utilized to suppress an increase in pest population. We investigated the effects of extending the light phase on diapause induction in the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae. TSSM were reared at 18 degrees C under light phases ranging from 2 to 64 h combined with a constant dark phase of 16 h in aluminum bottles, with white light emitting diodes attached inside to minimize fluctuations in air temperature between the light and dark phases. Diapause was induced in adult TSSM females when the light phase was 24 h or shorter, and diapause induction was inhibited when the light phase extended over 32 h. The development of deutonymphs was delayed under a diapause-inducing photoperiod. Diapause inducing photoperiods may suppress an increase in the TSSM population, by slowing down development and reproduction.

show abstract

“…When plants are exposed from shortly after germination to maturity to equal alternations of artificial light and darkness of seconds, minutes, and hours as compared with 12-h alternationsthe integrated total time of illumination remaining constantdramatic differences in height, coloration, and reproductive behavior have been noted (12,13). Growth was progressively poorer 'This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. William S. Hillman, former student of A. W. Naylor and respected colleague.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Pigment Synthesis, and Ultrastructural Responses of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Blue Lake to Intermittent and Flashing Light

Naylor¹,

Giles²

1982

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Growing bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Blue Lake) on cycles of 1 minute light-I minute dark or 5 minutes light-5 minutes dark, providing an integrated 12 hours light-12 hours dark per day for each set of plants, led to production after 21 days of new leaves low or lacking in chloroplast pigments. Subsequently, dry weight increase was sharply cut. Leaf area was affected by the light regimes after the second week of growth. By the fourth week, plants on the 1 minute light-I minute dark cycle showed about one-half the leaf area of the controls. Shoot growth was favored over root growth to the greatest degree on the 1 minute light-I minute dark regimes. Chlorophyll a/b ratios were close to 3.0 in all of the intermittent light regimes, but the total amounts of chlorophyll in milligrams per primary leaf were higher from day 9 to day 23 for the 12 hour light-12 hours dark controls than for other plants.Although they produced chlorophyll, the plants receiving 1 or 2 milliseconds per second of light continued to lose weight at the same rate as the dark controls; thus, it is assumed there was no net photosynthesis. Plants receiving flashing light allocated significantly more food reserves from the seed to roots than did dark controls. Total chlorophyll formation was significantly accelerated by 2 milliseconds per second light. With 1 millisecond per second light, it took 5 days longer to achieve the same level of chlorophyll. After the 18th day, there was a steady decline in chlorophyll, b degrading more rapidly than a.It is thought that several light-driven reactions are involved in the observed pigment synthesis, photosynthesis, food allocation, and growth of bean. Some of these reactions may be cyclic and others linear. Collectively, they must reach-harmonic point for normal metabolism and development to occur. Because fnte courses for each of these reactions are different, the intermittent and flashing-light technique offers the possibility of individually studying some of the key light-diiven renctious.When plants are exposed from shortly after germination to maturity to equal alternations of artificial light and darkness of seconds, minutes, and hours as compared with 12-h alternationsthe integrated total time of illumination remaining constantdramatic differences in height, coloration, and reproductive behavior have been noted (12, 13). Growth was progressively poorer 'This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. William S. Hillman, former student of A. W. Naylor and respected colleague.

show abstract

Effect of Short Alternating Periods of Light and Darkness on Plant Growth

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Manipulation of Seedling Traits with Pulsed Light in Closed Controlled Environments

Manipulation of Seedling Traits with Pulsed Light in Closed Controlled Environments

Effects of extending the light phase on diapause induction in a Japanese population of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae

Growth, Pigment Synthesis, and Ultrastructural Responses of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Blue Lake to Intermittent and Flashing Light

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About