Effect of several interventions on the frequency of handwashing among elementary public school children

Facemasks and intensified hand hygiene in a German household trial during the 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic: adherence and tolerability in children and adults

“…This is in accord with studies suggesting that hand hygiene can be taught and the effect sustained even in elementary school children [13,14].…”

Adequacy of handwashing facilities in public toilets in Dunedin, New Zealand

“…Similar deficiencies in handwashing facilities have been found in other studies 7,8 and future research should investigate which aspects of handwashing facilities affect handwashing behaviour in publicly accessible toilets in the community, and how to ensure that those who own and maintain toilets provide appropriate quality facilities.…”

“…5 A recent case series in Australia found a rising proportion of HPV positive oropharyngeal cancers over time, from 19% in 1987 to 66% in 2005/06. 6 While much remains to be established about the natural history of oral oncogenic HPV infection, it is clear that sexual history (more partners, earlier age of first sex and male same sex partners) is a risk factor for HPV positive tumours 7 suggesting that genital-oral transmission of HPV is important. In Australia, an increasing proportion of the population is engaging in oral-genital sexual practices over time and at a younger age.…”

“…Poor or inaccessible facilities can hinder good handwashing, and it is difficult to encourage adequate hand hygiene if sinks are inconveniently located, or soap and handdrying mechanisms are not provided. Although researchers have evaluated handwashing facilities in health-related institutes and schools, 7,8 limited attention has been paid to handwashing facilities in the community. We carried out a survey to evaluate the handwashing facilities available to the public in a community setting in Dunedin.…”

Hand Hygiene

“…890 In several other studies in which hand hygiene compliance was not monitored, multidisciplinary programmes that involved the introduction of an alcohol-based handrub were associated with a decrease in HCAI and cross-transmission rates. 429,489,645,735 The beneficial effects of hand hygiene promotion on the risk of cross-transmission have also been reported in surveys conducted in schools or day-care centres, 454,[891][892][893][894][895][896] as well as in community settings. 248,249,449,754,815,830,[897][898][899][900] While none of the studies conducted in the health-care setting represented randomized controlled trials, they provide substantial evidence that increased hand hygiene compliance is associated with reduced HCAI rates.…”