Effect of sea water on biochemical properties of fruit of tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Mill.) genotypes differing for ethylene production

Incerti, Annalisa; Navari-Izzo, F.; Pardossi, Alberto; Mensuali-Sodi, A.; Izzo, Riccardo

doi:10.1002/jsfa.3020

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Two salinity levels of nutrient solution were used with electrical conductivities (EC) of 8.3 and 14.6 mS cm −1 , which corresponded roughly to 60 and 120 mM NaCl, respectively. The concentration of nutrient solution was as reported by Incerti et al (2007). Salt stress was applied 3 weeks after planting; the process was stepped up in roughly 2.1 mS cm −1 (20 mM NaCl) daily increments to avoid osmotic shock.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity in Autumn-Winter Season and Fruit Quality of Tomato Landraces

et al. 2019

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Tomato landraces, originated by adaptive responses to local habitats, are considered a valuable resource for many traits of agronomic interest, including fruit nutritional quality. Primary and secondary metabolites are essential determinants of fruit organoleptic quality, and some of them, such as carotenoids and phenolics, have been associated with beneficial proprieties for human health. Landraces’ fruit taste and flavour are often preferred by consumers compared to the commercial varieties’ ones. In an autumn-winter greenhouse hydroponic experiment, the response of three Southern-Italy tomato landraces (Ciettaicale, Linosa and Corleone) and one commercial cultivar (UC-82B) to different concentrations of sodium chloride (0 mM, 60 mM or 120 mM NaCl) were evaluated. At harvest, no losses in marketable yield were noticed in any of the tested genotypes. However, under salt stress, fresh fruit yield as well as fruit calcium concentration were higher affected in the commercial cultivar than in the landraces. Furthermore, UC-82B showed a trend of decreasing lycopene and total antioxidant capacity with increasing salt concentration, whereas no changes in these parameters were observed in the landraces under 60 mM NaCl. Landraces under 120 mM NaCl accumulated more fructose and glucose in the fruits, while salt did not affect hexoses levels in UC-82B. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed differential accumulation of glycoalkaloids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and their derivatives in the fruits of all genotypes under stress. Overall, the investigated Italian landraces showed a different behaviour compared to the commercial variety UC-82B under moderate salinity stress, showing a tolerable compromise between yield and quality attributes. Our results point to the feasible use of tomato landraces as a target to select interesting genetic traits to improve fruit quality under stress conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity in Autumn-Winter Season and Fruit Quality of Tomato Landraces

et al. 2019

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“…Particularly for tomato, most of the salinity studies have evaluated morpho-physiological modifications such as vegetative development, fresh and dry matter and marketable yield [1,4]. In many cases, biochemical parameters, e.g., the concentrations of ions, sugars and secondary compounds, were also analyzed [5]. For example, it is well known that plants respond to salinity by accumulating specific compounds, such as proline, sugars, organic acids and flavonoids [6] as key components in plant resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity-Induced Changes of Multiparametric Fluorescence Indices of Tomato Leaves

2014

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The aim of our study was to identify appropriate multiparametric fluorescence ratios to evaluate the response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes to salinity. In this context, we hypothesized that the fluorescence indices BFRR_UV, FLAV, NBI and SFR provided by the multiparametric fluorescence technique reveal the impact of salinity on tomato leaves. For this purpose, the tomato genotypes H-2274, Harzfeuer and Rio Grande were grown in the greenhouse under standard or saline conditions. As reference measurements, we recorded the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) via pulse-amplitude-modulated (PAM) chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) and analyzed the concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), proline and chlorophyll (Chl). In general, "Harzfeuer" showed a more pronounced response to salinity, as revealed by the increase in Na and proline as well as the decrease in K concentration. Significant differences between the control and the salt treatment were also assessed with Fv/Fm. The ratios BFRR_UV, FLAV, SFR_G and NBI_G increased significantly in the salinity-exposed plants. These ratios, compared with Fv/Fm, also provide precise but more rapid information about the impact of salinity on tomato leaves. On this basis, we demonstrate that the multiparametric fluorescence indices provide a valuable, rapid and practical tool for the in situ monitoring of the physiological status of plants exposed to salinity.

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“…In some horticultural areas along the coast of Italy the water used for irrigation is often polluted by sea water. The utilization of conveniently diluted sea water has also recently been trialled to explore the possibilities of obtaining reasonable yields and quality in wheat,14 sunflower15 and tomato 16–19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In tomatoes, salinity generally reduces crop yield, mostly due to a reduction in fruit size, but it does result in better pigmentation and a higher content of sugars and organic acids 20. It may also improve antioxidant capacity 11, 16–19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Electrode Curvature in Controlling Electron Transfer between the Photosynthetic Reaction Center Protein and Gold Nanoelectrodes

2010

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The bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (RC) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a protein-pigment complex capable of photosynthesis, a process that converts light energy into chemical energy by a chain of photoinduced electron transfer (ET) reactions. [1,2] Recent studies suggest that the reaction center can be used for the construction of new efficient bioinorganic photovoltaic devices converting solar energy into electricity or chemical energy. [3][4][5][6][7] The efficiency of enzyme-based bioinorganic devices critically depends on the rate of electron transfer between the electrode and the protein. Recently, we demonstrated that ET from the flat gold electrode to the immobilized RC increases by several orders of magnitude when one incorporates between them cytochrome c, a natural photosynthetic electron transfer mediator. [7] One of the possible explanations of this effect is that cytochrome penetrates efficiently into RC and thus improves electron coupling between the protein and the electrode. If this is true, then it is possible that optimizing the shape of the electrode itself could improve the conductivity of the RC-electrode interface even without cytochrome. To evaluate this possibility herein, we calculate the efficiency of the ET (electron matrix coupling element) between the electrode and the RC when cytochrome c is replaced with metal nanoparticles of various diameters.For these calculations, we develop a new approach based on recent advances in the theory of molecular electron transfer and optimization theory. It is based on the shortest path algorithm that incorporates the pathway model of Beratan and Onuchic, [8] developed to estimate the ET rates in proteins. In addition, our approach considers the electronic tunneling through water and incorporates the possibility of a simultaneous ET to any part of a larger partner such as a metal nanocluster.In our calculations, the gold nanocluster was assumed to have an Fm3m group symmetry (space group number 225), the atomic coordinates for the RC were obtained from the Protein Database (http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/, file "1PCR''), and the structure of RC-nanocluster complexes was optimized by minimization of the electrostatic potential energy calculated as the result of induced charge distribution on the nanoparticle under the constraints that do not allow the overlapping of the van der Waals surfaces of the protein and the nanoparticle. We approximate the metal nanoparticles by fitting geometrical spheres of various radii and consider the flat surface as a plane. The smallest possible distance R 0 between protein and the nanoparticle was taken as R 0 ¼ 0:286 nm, which is equal to the sum of the van der Waals radii of a hydrogen atom belonging to surface of the RC and an atom of gold. We have chosen water to be the surrounding medium. The calculation of the positions of the metal relative to the RC shows that the shortest distance between the metal cluster and the protein special pair is about 1 nm ( Figure 1). This distance is similar to the distance betwee...

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Effect of sea water on biochemical properties of fruit of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genotypes differing for ethylene production

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Salinity in Autumn-Winter Season and Fruit Quality of Tomato Landraces

Salinity in Autumn-Winter Season and Fruit Quality of Tomato Landraces

Salinity-Induced Changes of Multiparametric Fluorescence Indices of Tomato Leaves

The Role of Electrode Curvature in Controlling Electron Transfer between the Photosynthetic Reaction Center Protein and Gold Nanoelectrodes

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