Salinity-Induced Changes of Multiparametric Fluorescence Indices of Tomato Leaves

Kautz, Burkard; Hunsche, Maurício; Noga, Georg

doi:10.3390/agriculture4020132

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Moreover, K + and Ca 2+ levels were lower in SA than SNA regenerants; however, all the SA regenerants maintained a constant level of these elements both in leaves and roots. Increasing leaf and root internal Na + concentrations have also been reported in tomato [31], sugarcane [25,49], wheat [28,58] and potato [33], as we observed in SNA regenerants. A declining trend was observed in K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ levels in the leaves of SA compared with SNA regenerants.…”

Section: Table 5 In Vitro Performance Assessment Of Adapted and Non-asupporting

confidence: 86%

Induced in vitro adaptation for salt tolerance in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar Khalas

2020

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Background: Soil salinity causes huge economic losses to agriculture productivity in arid and semiarid areas worldwide. The affected plants face disturbances in osmotic adjustment, nutrient transport, ionic toxicity and reduced photosynthesis. Conventional breeding approaches produce little success in combating various stresses in plants. However, non-conventional approaches, such as in vitro tissue culturing, produce genetic variability in the development of salt-tolerant plants, particularly in woody trees. Results: Embryogenic callus cultures of the date palm cultivar Khalas were subjected to various salt levels ranging from 0 to 300 mM in eight subcultures. The regenerants obtained from the salt-treated cultures were regenerated and evaluated using the same concentration of NaCl with which the calli were treated. All the salt-adapted (SA) regenerants showed improved growth characteristics, physiological performance, ion concentrations and K + /Na + ratios than the salt non-adapted (SNA) regenerants and the control. Regression between the leaf Na + concentration and net photosynthesis revealed an inverse nonlinear correlation in the SNA regenerants. Leaf K + contents and stomatal conductance showed a strong linear relationship in SA regenerants compared with the inverse linear correlation, and a very poor coefficient of determination in SNA regenerants. The genetic fidelity of the selected SA regenerants was also tested using 36 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, of which 26 produced scorable bands. The primers generated 1-10 bands, with an average of 5.4 bands per RAPD primer; there was no variation between SA regenerants and the negative control. Conclusion: This is the first report of the variants generated from salt-stressed cultures and their potential adaptation to salinity in date palm cv. Khalas. The massive production of salt stress-adapted date palm plants may be much easier using the salt adaptation approach. Such plants can perform better during exposure to salt stress compared to the non-treated date palm plants.

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Section: Table 5 In Vitro Performance Assessment Of Adapted and Non-asupporting

confidence: 86%

Induced in vitro adaptation for salt tolerance in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar Khalas

2020

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“…Chlorophyll level and oxidation, changes in chloroplasts number and size (all correlated to the calculation of the SFR and NBI indices) and proline mobilization, have been described to occur upon environmental and IR-related stress in plants ( Kim et al., 2011 , De Micco et al., 2014a , b ; Dartnell et al., 2011 ; Kautz et al., 2014 ). Variations of the NBI index have been described as the consequence of the reallocation of nitrogen compounds from older to younger leaves in response to stress tolerance after irradiation and abiotic stress in general ( Vijayakumari et al., 2016 ; Volkova et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gamma radiation on engineered tomato biofortified for space agriculture by morphometry and fluorescence-based indices

Pagliarello,

Bennici,

Di Sarcina

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionFuture long-term space missions will focus to the solar system exploration, with the Moon and Mars as leading goals. Plant cultivation will provide fresh food as a healthy supplement to astronauts’ diet in confined and unhealthy outposts. Ionizing radiation (IR) are a main hazard in outer space for their capacity to generate oxidative stress and DNA damage. IR is a crucial issue not only for human survival, but also for plant development and related value-added fresh food harvest. To this end, efforts to figure out how biofortification of plants with antioxidant metabolites (such as anthocyanins) may contribute to improve their performances in space outposts are needed.MethodsMicroTom plants genetically engineered to express the Petunia hybrida PhAN4 gene, restoring the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in tomato, were used. Seeds and plants from wild type and engineered lines AN4-M and AN4-P2 were exposed to IR doses that they may experience during a long-term space mission, simulated through the administration of gamma radiation. Plant response was continuously evaluated along life cycle by a non-disturbing/non-destructive monitoring of biometric and multiparametric fluorescence-based indices at both phenotypic and phenological levels, and indirectly measuring changes occurring at the primary and secondary metabolism level.ResultsResponses to gamma radiation were influenced by the phenological stage, dose and genotype. Wild type and engineered plants did not complete a seed-to-seed cycle under the exceptional condition of 30 Gy absorbed dose, but were able to cope with 0.5 and 5 Gy producing fruits and vital seeds. In particular, the AN4-M seeds and plants showed advantages over wild type: negligible variation of fluorimetric parameters related to primary metabolism, no alteration or improvement of yield traits at maturity while maintaining smaller habitus than wild type, biosynthesis of anthocyanins and maintained levels of these compounds compared to non-irradiated controls of the same age.DiscussionThese findings may be useful in understanding phenotypic effects of IR on plant growth in space, and lead to the exploitation of new breeding efforts to optimize plant performances to develop appropriate ideotypes for future long-term space exploration extending the potential of plants to serve as high-value product source.

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“…That is why the index could be calculated for excitation only at 355 nm, whereas for 473 nm and 532 nm, we calculated the ChlF ratio. Both indices are well known in the literature and indicate physiological changes of plant tissue of the potted vines, in particular the change of chlorophyll concentration in plant cells (Kautz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Statistical Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote detection of fungal pathogens in viticulture using laser-induced fluorescence: an experimental study on infected potted vines

Kölbl,

Diedrich,

Ellingen

et al. 2023

Front. Hortic.

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IntroductionPathogenic fungi, such as Plasmopara viticola and Erysiphe necator, severely threaten the annual yield of grapes in both quantity and quality. In contrast to other crop production systems, fungicides are intensively applied in viticulture as a countermeasure. The goal of precision viticulture is to optimize vineyard performance as well as the environmental impact by reducing fungicides and applying different techniques and combined strategies. Therefore, new emerging technologies are required, including non-invasive detection, as well as monitoring and tools for the early and in-field detection of fungal development. MethodsIn this study, we investigated leaves of potted vines (Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Riesling’) and traced the development of the inoculated leaves using our new remote detection system vinoLAS®, which is based on laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. We ran a measurement campaign over a period of 17 days.ResultsWe were able to detect a leaf infection with P. viticola, the causal agent of downy mildew, between 5 and 7 days after inoculation. Our results provide evidence for a successful application of laser-based standoff detection in vineyard management in the future. Thus, the vinoLAS system can serve as a model technology for the detection of pathogenic disease symptoms and thus monitoring complete vineyard sites. This allows for early countermeasures with suitable crop protection approaches and selected hot-spot treatments.DiscussionAs P. viticola is considered one of the most damaging fungi in European viticulture, disease mapping via this monitoring tool will help to reduce fungicide applications, and will, therefore, support the implementation of the European Green Deal claims.

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Salinity-Induced Changes of Multiparametric Fluorescence Indices of Tomato Leaves

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Induced in vitro adaptation for salt tolerance in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar Khalas

Induced in vitro adaptation for salt tolerance in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar Khalas

Effects of gamma radiation on engineered tomato biofortified for space agriculture by morphometry and fluorescence-based indices

Remote detection of fungal pathogens in viticulture using laser-induced fluorescence: an experimental study on infected potted vines

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