Effect of Scrap Size on Extraction of Neodymium from Nd-Fe-B Magnet Scrap by Liquid Metal Extraction

Na, Hyun Woong; Kim, Yong Hwan; Son, Hyeon Taek; Jung, In Ho; Choi, Hanshin; Kim, Tae‐Bum

doi:10.2174/1573413709666131109002236

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…4. It can be seen that, at a certain addition ratio (r) and temperature (T), the Nd content in the final Mg-Nd alloy is almost independent on the holding time, which is in disagreement with the result reported by Na et al (2014) that the extracted Nd content by LME was increased with increasing the holding time. The present result suggests that the diffusion speed of Nd from the fine NdFeB powders to Mg melt is remarkably fast.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…It is found that the overall trend for Nd content gradually increases with increasing the temperature from 730 to 830 • C but tends to decrease when temperature is above 830 • C. The most possible reason was that the fine sized NdFeB powders with a higher surface-to-volume ratio got oxidized more easily when temperature was too high, which in turn decreased the recovering efficiency of Nd. Also, Na et al (2014) reported that the smaller NdFeB magnets would form more Nd 2 O 3 with oxygen. Although being aware of this problem, we in this study had to smash the scraps into powders because of two aspects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the production of Mg-Nd master alloy from NdFeB magnet scraps

Sun

Peng

et al. 2015

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the production of Mg-Nd master alloy from NdFeB magnet scraps

Sun

Peng

et al. 2015

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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“…RE magnets available for recycling are present in different shapes and sizes in EoL products; however, no study had been performed to assess the effect of scrap size on the extraction efficiency. Na et al [41] compared the extraction efficiencies of three different scrap sizes with varying shapes i.e., 0.5, 1-5, and 5 mm. Oxidation and extraction were reported to have a direct relation.…”

Section: Liquid Metal Extraction (Lme)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Magnet Recycling and Materialization for a Circular Economy—A Korean Perspective

et al. 2021

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The Republic of Korea is one of the largest consumers and a leading exporter of electronics, medical appliances, and heavy and light vehicles. Rare-earth (RE)-based magnets are indispensable for these technologies, and Korea is totally dependent on imports of compounds or composites of REEs, as the country lacks natural resources. Effect on rare earth supply chain significantly affects Korea’s transition towards a green economy. This study investigates the Republic of Korea’s approach to developing a secure rare earth supply chain for REE magnets via a recycling and materialization process known as ReMaT. It investigates the progress Korea has made so far regarding ReMaT from both technical and non-technical perspectives. Rare earth elements are successfully recycled as part of this process while experiments at the industrial scale is carried out. In this paper, the research results in terms of the extraction efficiency of rare earth elements are discussed and a comparison with previous relevant studies is provided. This study also highlights the opportunities and challenges regarding the implementation of the ReMaT process in order to create a downstream rare earth value chain based on circular economy principles.

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“…It consists of selective dissolution of the RE alloy by a liquid alloy system in which the REs and transition metals distribute between two immiscible liquid [40] and Chae et al [43], based on the mass transport analysis summarized in Table 5. Na et al [74] investigated the effects of NdFeB magnet scrap size on extraction behavior and found that the amount of Nd extracted increased with increasing holding time and decreasing scrap size at 1073 K for 10-50 min. They found that reducing scarp size for less than 5 mm increased oxidation and reduced extracted Nd.…”

Section: Liquid Metal Extraction (Lme)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of High-Temperature Recovery of Rare Earth (Nd/Dy) from Magnet Waste

Firdaus

Rhamdhani

Durandet

et al. 2016

J. Sustain. Metall.

105

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Rare-earth metals, particularly neodymium, dysprosium, and praseodymium are becoming increasingly important in the transition to a green economy due to their essential role in permanent magnet applications such as in electric motors and generators. With the increasingly limited rare-earth supply and complexity of processing Nd, Dy, and Pr from primary ores, recycling of rare-earth based magnets has become a necessary option to manage supply and demand. Depending on the form of the starting material (sludge or scrap), there are different routes that can be used to recover neodymium from secondary sources, ranging from hydrometallurgical (based on its primary production process), electrochemical to pyrometallurgical. Pyrometallurgical routes provide solution in cases where water is scarce and generation of waste is to be limited. This paper presents a systematic review of previous studies on the high-temperature (pyrometallurgical) recovery of rare earths from magnets. The features and conditions at which the recycling processes had been studied are mapped and evaluated technically. The review also highlights the reaction mechanisms, behaviors of the rare-earth elements, and the formation of intermediate compounds in high-temperature recycling processes. Recommendations for further scientific research to enable the development of recovery of the rare-earth and magnet recycling are also presented.

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Effect of Scrap Size on Extraction of Neodymium from Nd-Fe-B Magnet Scrap by Liquid Metal Extraction

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

On the production of Mg-Nd master alloy from NdFeB magnet scraps

On the production of Mg-Nd master alloy from NdFeB magnet scraps

Rare Earth Magnet Recycling and Materialization for a Circular Economy—A Korean Perspective

Review of High-Temperature Recovery of Rare Earth (Nd/Dy) from Magnet Waste

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