Effect of d‐fagomine on excreted enterobacteria and weight gain in rats fed a high‐fat high‐sucrose diet

Abstract

Objective: Becoming overweight has been related to elevated levels of Enterobacteriales in the gut. D-Fagomine is an iminosugar that has been shown to selectively agglutinate Enterobacteriales in vitro. The goal of this work is to establish whether D-fagomine exerts a similar effect in vivo and whether this has any downstream consequences on weight gain. Methods: The rats were fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) supplemented with D-fagomine (or not; for comparison) or a standard diet for 5 weeks. The levels of total bacteria, Enterobacteriales and Escherichia coli were determined in fecal samples by performing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions on DNA. Results: Whereas the total levels of bacteria were independent of the diet, rats fed HFHS (without D-fagomine) excreted significantly higher proportions of Enterobacteriales and E. coli than those fed a standard diet. The levels of Enterobacteriales and E. coli of the rats given HFHS with D-fagomine were similar to those of the rats fed a standard diet. Compared to the standard group, rats fed HFHS with D-fagomine gained significantly less weight (15.3%) than those fed HFHS (20.9%). Conclusion: D-Fagomine reduces the amount of Enterobacteriales excreted by rats fed HFHS and this may help to avert becoming obese.Obesity (2014) 22, 976-979.

Effects of combined d-fagomine and omega-3 PUFAs on gut microbiota subpopulations and diabetes risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet

“…The iminosugar d -fagomine (1,2-dideoxynojirimycin) is a stable cyclic carbohydrate analog with a nitrogen atom in place of the oxygen atom within the cycle that was first isolated from buckwheat seeds ( Fagopyrum esculentum ) 10 . d -Fagomine reduces post-prandial blood glucose concentration in sucrose/starch loading tests in healthy rats through the inhibition of intestinal disaccharidases 11 and it attenuates high-fat-induced low-grade inflammation and IGT in rats 12,13 . d -Fagomine also promotes gut microbial diversity by increasing the relative populations of Bacteroidetes in healthy rats, while also mitigating the age-related reduction in the populations of the putatively beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium 14 and stabilizing the populations of Prevotella in the intestinal tract of healthy rats (Hereu, Nutrients , accepted).…”

Combined Buckwheat d-Fagomine and Fish Omega-3 PUFAs Stabilize the Populations of Gut Prevotella and Bacteroides While Reducing Weight Gain in Rats

“…d -Fagomine was first isolated from seeds of buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum ) and it is also present in other plant parts such as mulberry ( Morus alba ) leaves and gogi ( Lycium chinense ) roots [12,13]. The functional effects of d -fagomine include a reduction of post-prandial blood glucose concentration, achieved through the inhibition of intestinal disaccharidases [14]; and reductions in high-fat-diet-induced weight gain, low-grade inflammation and impaired glucose tolerance, probably all achieved by counteracting adverse changes in gut microbiota [15,16]. Moreover, d -fagomine promotes the diversity of gut microbiota by increasing populations of Bacteroidetes in healthy rats while mitigating the age-related reduction in the populations of putatively beneficial Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium bacteria [17].…”

Dietary Components, Microbial Metabolites and Human Health: Reading between the Lines

“…Sucrose is a disaccharide molecule composed of glucose and fructose. It has been shown that feeding rats with sucrose induced obesity and increased the proportion of intestinal Enterobacteriales , especially Escherichia coli [ 13 ]. Sucrose is also associated with obesity and diabetes experimentally, clinically and epidemiologically [ 14 ].…”