Effect of Salt Composition and Temperature on the Thermal Behavior of Beech Wood in Molten Salt Pyrolysis

Molten salt pyrolysis of biomass: The evaluation of molten salt

“…The char and methane were rapidly consumed from 250 • C and completely disappeared at about 350 • C. Almost all char derived from biomass pyrolysis was converted into CO 2 (g), and the reactions involved were mainly (15) and (16). As the temperature increased, sulfates went through a more complex conversion process with possible reactions (17) to (20).…”

“…Jiang et al [3] conducted pyrolysis of cellulose within five kind of mixed molten salts, where ZnCl 2 made the yield of bio-oil product reach maximum due its catalytic effects on biomass pyrolysis. Nygard et al [17] investigated the thermal behavior of wood particles in pyrolysis using different mixtures of molten salts (FLiNaK, (LiNaK) 2 CO 3 , ZnCl 2 -KCl, KNO 3 -NaNO 3 ), and concluded that the nitrate mixture was not suitable for pyrolysis. Yeboah et al [18] focused on the catalyst effect of the carbonate, nitrate and sulfate of the alkali metals on gasification.…”

“…Based on the previous analysis, in view of the thermochemical conversion of biomass in molten salts, the chloride, carbonate and sulfate of alkali metals lithium, sodium, potassium are suitable for the potential salt to be used in industry. In addition, ZnCl 2 is included (ZnCl 2 -KCl especially) due to its catalytic performance reported in recent studies of the pyrolysis [17,[19][20][21][22][23]. In this study, the thermal characteristics of seven common molten salts were evaluated according to their composition (binary and ternary) and anion species (chlorides, carbonates and sulfates) by the thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analyzer.…”

Thermochemical conversion of C. cardunculus L. in nitrate molten salts

“…On the other hand, the temperature profile of the molten salt pyrolysis increases as soon as biomass feeding commences. Nygård and Olsen [19] also reported this behavior during the pyrolysis of wood particles in a KNO 3 -NaNO 3 molten salt reactor. The elevated reactor temperature suggests that exothermal oxidation reactions occur inside the reactor, probably due to degradation of the molten salt.…”

“…The effect of different type of molten salts (FLiNaK, (LiNaK) 2 CO 3 , ZnCl 2 -KCl, and KNO 3 -NaNO 3 ) on the thermal behavior of wood particles in pyrolysis process was studied by Nygård and Olsen [19]. Tests were conducted over temperature range of 400-600°C.…”