Effect of salinity on yield and quality of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> seed oil

Abstract

RESUMENEfecto de la salinidad en la producción y calidad del aceite de semilla de Moringa oleifera.Ha sido examinada la variación en la producción y composición del aceite de semilla de Moringa oleifera extraído a partir de semillas cultivadas en Pakistan con diferente concentración salina en el cultivo. La producción obtenida por extracción con hexano fue de 33.50% y 32.79% respectivamente para las semillas cultivadas en áreas con alto y bajo contenido salino. El análisis de la varianza (ANOVA) reveló la inexistencia de diferencias significativas entre las caracterís-ticas físicas (índice de refracción a 40 °C, color y gravedad específica) y las químicas (índice de yodo, acidez libre, índi-ce de peróxidos, materia insaponificable, índice de saponificación, valores de dienos y trienos conjugados e índice de p-anisidina) de los aceites procedentes de ambas áreas. En el área de mayor salinidad las concentraciones de C 18:1 y C 16:0 de los aceites de semilla de Moringa oleifera fueron significativamente mayores (P< 0.001), mientras que el de C 14:0 fue significativamente menor. El análisis de tocoferoles demostró que las concentraciones de α-y δ-tocoferol eran superiores significativamente (P< 0.001) en los aceites procedentes de las áreas con alta salinidad, mientras que el contenido en γ-tocoferol fue superior significativamente (P< 0.001) en los procedentes del área de baja salinidad. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que la salinidad no afecta sobre el contenido en aceite de estas semillas. Sin embargo, puede afectar al contenido en tocoferoles y el perfil de ácidos grasos. PALABRAS-CLAVE:Calidad de aceite -Caracterización -Composición de ácidos grasos -Moringa oleifera -Salinidad -Tocoferoles. SUMMARY Effect of salinity on yield and quality of Moringa oleifera seed oilVariation in the yield and composition of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) seed oil from two differently adopted (non-saline and saline) provinces of Pakistan was examined. Hexaneextracted M. oleifera seeds from saline and non-saline areas contained 33.50% and 32.79% oil yield, respectively. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant differences in the physical (refractive index (40 o C), color and specific gravity (24 °C) p-anisidine value) characteristics of the oils obtained from both areas. The concentration of C 18:1 and C 16:0 was significantly (P < 0.001) higher whereas, that of C 14:0 was lower in M. oleifera seed oils from the saline area. A tocopherol analysis demonstrated the concentration of α-and δ-tocopherol of Moringa seed oils to be significantly (P < 0.001) higher from the saline area. Whereas, the contents of γ-tocopherol was found to be significantly (P < 0.001) higher in the Moringa seed oils native to the non-saline area.Results from the present study revealed that salinity did not affect the oil content of M. oleifera seeds. Nevertheless, it might affect the tocopherol and fatty acid profiles of M. oleifera seed oil.

Modulation of salt (NaCl)-induced effects on oil composition and fatty acid profile of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by exogenous application of salicylic acid

“…In the present study, salt stress significantly increased α‐ and γ‐tocopherol contents in the seed oil of both sunflower hybrids. These results are in agreement with those of Anwar et al ,58 who reported that salt stress increased tocopherol content in the seed oil of Moringa oleifera plants. A considerable variation was observed in both sunflower cultivars with regard to this attribute.…”

Does Soil Salinity Affect Yield and Composition of Cottonseed Oil?

“…However, there were significant (P 0.05) differences in color (15.00R + 70.00Y and 12.80R + 60.00Y), free fatty acid (0.6 and 4.6% as oleic acid) and saponification (170.2 and 183.3 mg of KOH/g of oil) values of oils from saline and non-saline Values are mean AE SD of five cotton seed samples from each of the saline and non-saline areas, analyzed individually in triplicate NS non-significant regions, respectively. These findings are in good agreement with our previous findings on Moringa oleifera oil [22]. There was a significant (P 0.05) variation in the oxidation values of specific extinctions at 232 and 270 nm ( Table 5), which reveal the oxidative deterioration and purity of the oils [23].…”

“…The levels of a-tocopherol, which has the greatest vitamin E potency [25], and c-tocopherol, of cottonseed oils from the saline area were significantly (P 0.05) higher as compared to those from the non-saline area, which could be attributed to the effect of salinity stress. The high a-tocopherol contents of Moringa oleifera seed oil from saline areas has also been reported [22].…”

Influence of Soil Type, Sowing Date and Diluted Seawater Irrigation on Seed Germination, Vegetation and Chemical Constituents of Moringa oleifera, Lam.

“…Salt affects the photosynthesis apparatus but the researchers are still unclear about the factors, which are responsible for the inhibition of photosynthetic activity (Steduto et al, 2000). Also, Anwar et al (2006) found no significant variation in the moringa protein contents from saline and non-saline areas.…”