Effect of salinity and drought stress on morphological and biochemical properties of two Iranian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) populations

Abstract

In this study, micro propagation of two Iranian fenugreek populations and their morphological and biochemical responses to salinity and drought stresses in in vitro culture condition were conducted using factorial experiment in a completely randomized design in three replications. Different explant type (terminal bud, cotyledon and epicotyledon explant) were cultured in MS medium contain different concentration of plant growth regulators such as kin (0, 0.5 and 1 mg / l) and 2,4-D (0.5, 1 and 2 mg / l). Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/l kinetin and 2 mg/l 2,4-D showed the highest callus proliferation rate per explants in both populations. The highest amount of callus volume was obtained from the explants of the terminal bud. Proliferated calli from terminal bud explant were green and yellowish, from cotyledon were yellowish to white with soft texture, and the cotyledons were greenish and compact. The results of salinity stresses with different concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 70 and 120 mM) and drought stress with polyethylene glycol (0, 5 and 10%) showed that both stresses decreased callus growth and increased total protein, proline, catalase, peroxidase and trigonelin content in both populations. Trigonelin measurement showed that ‘Borazjan’ papulation had higher trigonelin content, in vitro, than ‘Ardestan’ papulation.

Incorporation of compost and biochar enhances yield and medicinal compounds in seeds of water-stressed Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants cultivated in saline calcareous soils

“…Trigonelline, a pyridine alkaloid compound present in fenugreek and other plant species [ 104 ], serves as an important osmoregulatory metabolite, playing a key role in regulating osmotic pressure induced by drought [ 96 ]. Studies have shown an elevation in trigonelline concentration in fenugreek and lupin seeds under salinity and drought conditions [ 10 , 83 , 105 ]. In our investigation, DI increased trigonelline levels, yet the application of CB not only reduced trigonelline and total alkaloid contents but also alleviated the adverse effects of DI stress on fenugreek plants.…”

Incorporation of Compost and Biochar Enhances Yield and Medicinal Compounds in Seeds of Water-stressed Trigonellia foenum-graecum L. Plants Cultivated in Saline Calcareous Soils

“…This Nmethyl conjugate of nicotinic acid is an important osmoregulator metabolite, which plays a key role in regulating drought-induced osmotic pressure [80]. Previous reports have indicated an increase in trigonelline compound concentration in fenugreek and lupin seeds under salinity and drought stresses [11,81,103]. Similarly, in the present study DI raised the levels of trigonelline; however, the application of CB not only decreased the trigonelline and total alkaloid contents but also mitigated the negative impact of DI stress in fenugreek plants.…”

Productivity, biochemical composition and nutritional value of trigonella foenum-graecum green mass depending on seeding rates

“…A. Tavangar et al (2021) indicates that Trigonella foenum-graecum is suitable for cultivation in areas with moderate to low rainfall. A moderate and cool growing season without extreme temperatures is favorable for better crop development.…”