Effect of salicylic acid on the metabolic activity of plant mitochondria

Effects of Salicylic Acid on the Metabolism of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants

“…At the same time, high ROS and NO production, as well as enhanced lipid peroxidation and cyt c release from mitochondria were also detected after 1 mM SA treatment [91]. Similar results of SA application were measured where SA triggered the release of cyt c from the mitochondria to the cytosol in Arabidopsis cell suspension culture [101] and in soybean seedlings [112].…”

“…Significant ROS production was measured in the presence of respiration substrates malate plus glutamate (complex I substrate) or succinate (complex II substrate) in the presence of 0.5 mM SA [8]. In addition, ROS production and NO levels were also significant higher in isolated mitochondria from 1 mM SA-treated tomato leaves suggesting the direct effect of SA on mitochondrial ROS-and NO production [91].…”

“…Interestingly, the application of AsA before SA exposure reduced these alterations in mitochondrial morphology, which demonstrated that the aggregation of mitochondria is highly dependent on the production of mitochondrial ROS [8]. In intact tomato mesophyll cells, exogenous SA treatments caused swelling and disorganization of mitochondrial cristae as well as disintegration and vacuolization of mitochondria, which proved to be more serious at lethal (1 mM) SA concentration after 24 h [91]. Changes in mitochondrial morphology are related to physiological function and energy metabolism [92], which are important steps of plant PCD [43][44][45][46].…”

“…It is well known that SA can induce oxidative stress by concentration-dependent manner with the contribution of various cell organelles and processes (e.g., chloroplasts, mitochondria, plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidase, polyamine oxidase) [85,86,91]. An interesting question is the network of various ROS sources and their interaction with each other.…”

“…Mitochondrial HXKs can inhibit the PTP opening by binding to the VDAC at the cytosolic surface and the enzyme protein may act as a plug by blocking the channel [5]. Interestingly, SA can affect the activity and the expression of HXKs [91]. Recently, it was observed that both sublethal (0.1 mM) and lethal (1 mM) concentration of SA treatments decreased the activity and transcript levels of HXKs in leaves of tomato plants and the total mitochondrial HXK activity in the isolated mitochondrial fraction.…”