Effect of Rosmarinic Acid and Sinapic Acid on Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Cardiac Tissue and Serum of Type 2 Diabetic Female Rats

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes. They are considered the leading cause of death among diabetics. One of the mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiovascular complications is oxidative stress. Many phenolic acids are regarded as antioxidants. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) and sinapic acid (SA) on oxidative stress parameters in the cardiac tissue and serum of type 2 diabetic female rats. Additionally, the effect of these compounds on glucose homeostasis and lipid profile in the serum was evaluated. Type 2 diabetes was induced with high-fat diet and streptozotocin. RA at the doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg and SA at the doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg were administrated orally for 28 days. Untreated diabetic rats exhibited unfavorable changes in glucose metabolism and lipid profile. Changes in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers indicated the onset of oxidative stress in these animals. The results showed that the higher doses of the tested phenolic acids—50 mg/kg of RA and 25 mg/kg of SA—revealed beneficial effects on oxidative stress in the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats.

Sinapic Acid Ameliorates the Progression of Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats via NRF2/HO-1 Mediated Pathways

“…The pretreatment of 20 and 40 mg/kg SA on STZ-induced DN rats tended to bring the serum lipid levels close to normal levels. SA has antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant activity ( Wilson et al., 2011 ; Silambarasan et al., 2014 ; Nithya and Subramanian, 2015 ; Nithya et al., 2017 ; Zych et al., 2018 ; Zych et al., 2019 ), which may reduce how prone lipids are to oxidation and stabilize the membrane lipids, thus inhibiting oxidative stress. Therefore, SA treatments demonstrated hypo-cholesterolemic, hypo-phospholipidemic and hypo-triglyceridemic activity, but at the same time increased HDL levels.…”

Negligible Effect of Estrogen Deficiency on Development of Skeletal Changes Induced by Type 1 Diabetes in Experimental Rat Models

“…Serum concentrations of calcium, inorganic phosphorus, glucose, fructosamine, and biochemical parameters of lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides) were determined spectrophotometrically, using kits produced by Pointe Scientific (Canton, MI, USA). Moreover, the concentration of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), a marker of oxidative protein damage, was measured spectrophotometrically based on the method of Witko-Sarsat et al [ 34 , 35 ]. The calibration curve was prepared using chloramine T (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), and the absorbance was measured at the wavelength of 340 nm.…”

Implication of dietary phenolic acids on inflammation in cardiovascular disease

“…Moreover, rosmarinic acid is able to suppress the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation and metalloproteinase 7 expression, hence exerting an anti-apoptotic effect (Zhang et al, 2019). However, Zych et al (2019) reported that rosmarinic acid was only able to limit oxidative stress and that no significant improvement was seen in the inflammatory marker IL-18 and lipid profile.…”