Effect of Resveratrol on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Sirtuin 1 in Elderly Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects a large part of the adult population and impairs its quality of life. Because of this, natural compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic properties have been used as adjuvants. Among these compounds, resveratrol (RV) stands out, a polyphenol that has been studied in several clinical trials, the results of which are controversial. We conducted a randomized clinical trial on 97 older adults with T2D to evaluate the effect of RV on oxidative stress markers and sirtuin 1, using doses of 1000 mg/day (EG1000, n = 37) and 500 mg/day (EG500, n = 32) compared with a placebo (PG, n = 28). Biochemical markers, oxidative stress and sirtuin 1 levels were measured at baseline and after six months. We observed a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant gap, the percentage of subjects without oxidant stress and sirtuin 1 levels in EG1000. In the PG, we observed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in lipoperoxides, isoprostanes and C-reactive protein levels. An increase in the oxidative stress score and in the percentage of subjects with mild and moderate oxidative stress was observed too. Our findings suggest that 1000 mg/day of RV exerts a more efficient antioxidant effect than 500 mg/day.

Hypoglycemic effects and associated mechanisms of resveratrol and related stilbenes in diet

“…The majority of them are randomized, double-blind and placebocontrolled trials. Among these trials, except one study that reported no measurable effects of resveratrol in T2DM patients 163 and another study that only reported changes in oxidative stress markers, 164 all other studies recorded positive results upon resveratrol administration, showing that resveratrol alone, or together with another anti-diabetic drug, can improve insulin resistance, increase antioxidant capacity, and reduce the levels of insulin, proinflammatory cytokines and blood glucose. [165][166][167][168][169] Variation in the modulation of biomarkers may be observed in different trials and to better compare the method, duration, dosage and outcome among trials, related information is listed in Table 5.…”

“…165 Also, the upregulation of Nrf2 was noticed. 164 For other stilbenes, limited clinical trials were found, especially on hyperglycemia and diabetes. In a clinical study, patients with hypercholesterolemia were given 125 mg pterostilbene twice a day for 52 days and no adverse drug side effects on hepatic, renal and blood glucose markers were reported, proving that pterostilbene is safe for use at a dosage of 250 mg day −1 .…”

Impact of Polyphenols on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Factors in Diabetes Mellitus: Nutritional Antioxidants and Their Application in Improving Antidiabetic Therapy

“…In this context, García-Martínez et al demonstrated in a randomized clinical trial on adults with T2D that supplementation with resveratrol (with two doses: 1000 mg/day and 500 mg/day) resulted in an increase in the total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant gap, percentage of subjects without oxidant stress, and sirtuin 1 levels in comparison to those of the controls. Moreover, the observed antioxidant effect of resveratrol was more noticeable for the 1000 mg dose [ 131 ].…”

Natural Sirtuin1 Activators and Atherosclerosis: an Overview

“…In a randomized controlled trial involving adults with type 2 diabetes, researchers noted that resveratrol exhibited antioxidant properties and influenced markers of oxidative stress by activating SIRT1. They observed a significant reduction in markers of oxidative stress, and a more efficient antioxidant effect was evident in patients who received a resveratrol supplement at a dose of 1000 mg/day compared to those receiving 500 mg/day, which was associated with increased levels of SIRT1 [ 38 ]. In a recent study discussing the oxidative stress effects of resveratrol, it was demonstrated that the depletion of SIRT1 abolished the beneficial effects of resveratrol and pterostilbene (PTS), a natural methylated analog of resveratrol.…”