Effect of Restricted Feed Intake on the Growth of Muscle and the Fat Deposition in Broiler Chickens.

Khantaprab, Sukit; Nikki, Takahiro; Nobukuni, Kihachiro

doi:10.2141/jpsa.34.363

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The negative effects of restricted feed intake on body weight gain or growth have been extensively reported by previous researchers [11,13,19,37]. Gonzales et al [11] partly attributed this effect to reductions in thyroxine, IGF and growth hormone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of dietary protein level, amino acid balance and feeding level on growth, gastrointestinal tract, and mucosal structure of the small intestine in broiler chickens

Swatson

Gous

Iji³

et al. 2002

Anim. Res.

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-In a factorial experiment, two series of feeds containing excess dietary protein, differing in amino acid balance (i.e. balanced (BPS) and unbalanced (UPS) amino acid mixture), and with a range of protein contents (400, 300 and 200 g CP·kg -1 ) at the same energy content of 13 MJ AME·kg -1 were offered at two levels of feeding (ad libitum or 0.75 of ad libitum intake) to 4320 broiler chickens between 10 and 24 days of age. Growth rate was significantly lowered by feed restriction. There was also a significant (P < 0.001) effect of dietary protein on the combined weight of the proventriculus and gizzard but only for the birds on the restricted feeding regime. Relative pancreatic weight increased (P < 0.001) with an increase in dietary protein level for the birds fed restricted amounts of BPS. The crypt depth of chicks on the ad libitum feeding regime was higher (P < 0.01) for the chicks on the BPS than for those on the UPS diet. The protein content of the jejunal mucosa was higher (P < 0.001) for birds fed ad libitum on the UPS diet than on the BPS diet. Daily feed allocation had a significant (P < 0.01) effect on jejunal protein content in birds that received the BPS diet, this being reduced in birds on restricted feeding. Maltase (P < 0.001) and sucrase (P < 0.01) activities were significantly reduced in chicks offered ad libitum access to the UPS diet. At high dietary CP, the specific activity of alkaline phosphatase was lower (P < 0.001) in chicks on the UPS diet than in those fed the BPS diet. Anim. Res. 51 (2002) 501-515  INRA, EDP Sciences, 2002 DOI: 10.1051/animres:2002038Résumé -Effets de la concentration en protéines, de l'équilibre en acides aminés et du niveau d'ingestion de l'aliment sur la croissance, le développement du tube digestif et la structure de la muqueuse jéjunale chez le poulet de chair. Six aliments isoénergétiques (13 MJ EMa·kg -1 ) selon le plan factoriel : 3 concentrations en protéine brute (400, 300 et 200 PB g·kg -1 ) × 2 équilibres en acides aminés (BPS = équilibré, UPS = déséquilibré par rapport aux besoins), ont été offerts à deux niveaux d'ingestion (ad libitum ou 75 % de l'ad libitum) à 4320 poulets de chair entre 10 et 24 jours d'âge. La vitesse de croissance était significativement réduite par la restriction alimentaire. Un effet du taux protéique sur le poids combiné du proventricule et du gésier était significatif (P < 0,001) mais uniquement chez les poulets restreints. Le poids relatif du pancréas augmentait (P < 0,001) avec la concentration du régime protéines BPS chez les poulets restreints. La profondeur des cryptes des villi de l'intestin était plus profonde chez les poulets nourris ad libitum avec les régimes BPS par rapport aux régimes UPS (P < 0,01). La concentration en protéine de la muqueuse jéjunale était supérieure chez les poulets consommant ad libitum les régimes UPS par rapport à ceux ingérant les régimes BPS (P < 0,001). La restriction alimentaire réduisait également la teneur en protéine du jéjunum (P < 0,01) chez les poulets consommant les régim...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of dietary protein level, amino acid balance and feeding level on growth, gastrointestinal tract, and mucosal structure of the small intestine in broiler chickens

Swatson

Gous

Iji³

et al. 2002

Anim. Res.

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“…Body composition in broilers can be manipulated through genetic and nutritional routes. Increasing protein: energy ratio resulted in increasing carcass leanness and decreasing body fatness with the opposite effect was elicited by a low protein: energy ratio (FISHER, 1984;LEESON et al, 1996;KHANTAPRAB et al, 1997;WISEMAN and LEWIS, 1998). The combined effects of breed, sex, and diet and their interactions on fat yield and fat partitioning have received little attention and partitioning of bird response due to these effects have not been widely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of breed, sex and diet and their interactions on fat deposition and partitioning among depots of broiler chickens

Shahin

Azeem

2006

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Abstract. The effects of breed (Hubbard and Anak), sex and diet (two levels of protein (high or low) with two levels of crude fiber (low or high) at each level of protein) on fat yields and partitioning among the depots were studied. No significant differences were found between breeds in fat yields and in fat partitioning among the major fat depots. Expressed as a percentage of live body weight, females had a greater percentage of non-carcass fat, carcass fat and total body fat than males. Females tended to partition more of their fat to non-carcass fat, whereas males tended to partition more of their fat to carcass fat. The effects of diet were consistent over the breeds and for all fatness traits. Non-carcass fat, carcass fat and total body fat yields were greatly depressed and favorable fat partition between depots was achieved through feeding birds high protein- high fiber diets. These birds tended to partition more of their fat to carcass fat depots (more valuables) and less to non-carcass fat depots. Breed x sex, breed x diet and sex x diet interactions did not significantly influence most of fatness traits indicating that the factors under consideration act independently of each other. Significant sex x diet interactions was found for carcass fat and total body fat relative to live body weight: the sexual dimorphism in low protein diet is more pronounced than in high protein diets. The differences between sexes in their response to diet for these traits might have important implications.

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“…Increasing protein: energy ratio resulted in increasing carcass leanness and decreasing body fatness with the opposite effect was elicited by a low protein: energy ratio (JONES and WISEMAN, 1985;LEENSTRA, 1986;BARTOV and PLAVNIK, 1998). Also, carcass leanness can be achieved by feeding animals and birds low energy, low-cost high fibrous diets and by restricted feeding (GODFREY et al, 1991;LEESON et al, 1992;LEESON et al, 1996;KHANTAPRAB et al, 1997). Separate effects of breed, sex and nutrition on carcass composition of chickens were reported by BROADBENT et al (1981); ORR et al (1984); MARKS (1990); BARTOV (1998); SMITH and PESTI (1998) and WISEMAN and LEWIS (1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of breed, sex and diet and their interactions on carcass composition and tissue weight distribution of broiler chickens

Shahin

El-Azeem

2005

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Effects of breed, sex and diet and their interactions on carcass composition and tissue weight distribution of broiler chickens AbstractThe effects of breed (Hubbard and Anak), sex and diet (two levels of protein (high or low) with two levels of crude fiber (low or high) at each level of protein) on carcass composition and distribution of tissues over the carcass were studied. Carcass composition and ratios of muscle: bone, muscle: fat and meat: bone in the carcass did not differ significantly between breed groups. Male carcasses had more muscle, more bone, more fat-free carcass, higher ratios of muscle: bone, muscle: fat but less fat, less meat and lower meat: bone ratio than female carcasses. Carcasses of chicks fed high protein (with either low or high fiber) diet had more muscle than carcasses of chicks fed low protein (with either low or high fiber) diet. Carcasses of chicks fed high fiber (with either low or high protein) diet had more bone but less meat than carcasses of chicks fed low fiber (with either low or high protein) diet. Increasing both protein and fiber in the diet resulted in lowering carcass fat, consequently raising muscle: fat ratio. Breed and sex did not influence the distribution of muscle and meat throughout the carcass parts. Breed differences in fat weight distribution were not significant. Anak had significantly higher proportions of bone in wing and neck than Hubbard did. The proportion of total carcass muscle in breast, drumstick, wing were not significantly affected by diet. Carcasses of chicks fed high fiber (with either low or high protein) diet had higher proportion of total meat in thigh and neck than carcasses from chicks fed low fiber (with either low or high protein) diet. Diet had no significant effect on bone weight distribution. Increasing crude fiber in diets resulted in lowering proportion of total fat in breast, thigh but increasing proportion of total fat in drumstick and wing. Breed x sex, breed x diet and sex x diet interactions did not significantly influence most of carcass traits indicating that the factors under consideration act independently of each other's. Significant sex x diet interactions was found for carcass fat and boneless carcass relative to live body weight: the sexual dimorphism in low protein diet is more pronounced than in high protein diets.

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Effect of Restricted Feed Intake on the Growth of Muscle and the Fat Deposition in Broiler Chickens.

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of dietary protein level, amino acid balance and feeding level on growth, gastrointestinal tract, and mucosal structure of the small intestine in broiler chickens

Effect of dietary protein level, amino acid balance and feeding level on growth, gastrointestinal tract, and mucosal structure of the small intestine in broiler chickens

Effects of breed, sex and diet and their interactions on fat deposition and partitioning among depots of broiler chickens

Effects of breed, sex and diet and their interactions on carcass composition and tissue weight distribution of broiler chickens

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