Effects of breed, sex and diet and their interactions on carcass composition and tissue weight distribution of broiler chickens AbstractThe effects of breed (Hubbard and Anak), sex and diet (two levels of protein (high or low) with two levels of crude fiber (low or high) at each level of protein) on carcass composition and distribution of tissues over the carcass were studied. Carcass composition and ratios of muscle: bone, muscle: fat and meat: bone in the carcass did not differ significantly between breed groups. Male carcasses had more muscle, more bone, more fat-free carcass, higher ratios of muscle: bone, muscle: fat but less fat, less meat and lower meat: bone ratio than female carcasses. Carcasses of chicks fed high protein (with either low or high fiber) diet had more muscle than carcasses of chicks fed low protein (with either low or high fiber) diet. Carcasses of chicks fed high fiber (with either low or high protein) diet had more bone but less meat than carcasses of chicks fed low fiber (with either low or high protein) diet. Increasing both protein and fiber in the diet resulted in lowering carcass fat, consequently raising muscle: fat ratio. Breed and sex did not influence the distribution of muscle and meat throughout the carcass parts. Breed differences in fat weight distribution were not significant. Anak had significantly higher proportions of bone in wing and neck than Hubbard did. The proportion of total carcass muscle in breast, drumstick, wing were not significantly affected by diet. Carcasses of chicks fed high fiber (with either low or high protein) diet had higher proportion of total meat in thigh and neck than carcasses from chicks fed low fiber (with either low or high protein) diet. Diet had no significant effect on bone weight distribution. Increasing crude fiber in diets resulted in lowering proportion of total fat in breast, thigh but increasing proportion of total fat in drumstick and wing. Breed x sex, breed x diet and sex x diet interactions did not significantly influence most of carcass traits indicating that the factors under consideration act independently of each other's. Significant sex x diet interactions was found for carcass fat and boneless carcass relative to live body weight: the sexual dimorphism in low protein diet is more pronounced than in high protein diets.

total number of 210 one-day old Cobb 500 broiler chicks, were reared up to 35 days of age, as they were distributed into factorial design of two natural feed additives the first one was bee propolis (BPr) while the second was bee pollen (BP) with three supplementation levels (0.05, 0.10 and 0.20%), as compared with control group (0.0% feed additives). The study aimed to examine these additives with different levels and their interaction on growth performance, carcass characteristics and carcass parts of broiler chickens. The results indicated that, natural feed additives (BPr and BP) did not significantly affect final live body weight (LBW), body weight gain (BWG), feed consumption (FC), feed conversion ratio (FCR), performance index (PI), European production efficiency factor (EPEF), energy conversion ratios (ECR) and protein conversion ratios (PCR). Wheaese, levels of supplementation and their interaction, significantly affected LBW, BWG, FCR, PI and EPEF. Concerning carcass characteristics % (carcass, giblets and total edible parts) and carcass parts % (breast, thigh, drumstick and wing) , data showed insignificant figures when chicks fed different feed additives with different levels and their interaction. Based on the experimental results, it is concluded that supplementing broiler chick diets with (BPr or BP) with different levels (0.05, 0.10 or 0.20%) could a good approach to improve production performance without negative effects on carcass characteristics or carcass parts percentages.

n experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects feeding broiler chicks on corn soybean meal diets supplemented with bee honey (BH), bee pollen (BP) or both as alternative to antibiotics erythromycin (ER) on growth performance, tibia characteristics and some blood plasma parameters. A total of number 150 one-day old chicks of (Cobb) strain were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments (5 treatments x 3 replicate groups x 10 chicks in each group). The treatments were: control without supplementation; T1 (ER) 0.0275%; T2 (BH) 0.10%; T3, (BP) 0.05% and T4 (BH, 0.10% + BP 0.05). The main results showed significant effect on body weight, body weight gain and performance index. On contrary there were no significant effect on feed consumption and feed conversion ratio within treatments. The results showed no significant effect on tibia measurements tibia weight (wet and dry), tibia (width and length) and tibia seeder index while there was significant effect on tibia breaking strength, As most of measured parameters there were no significant effect on tibia chemical composition (ASH and P) except (Ca) between treatments.

total number of 150 unsexed 1 day old Cobb broiler chicks up to 35 days of age were randomly divided to 5 dietary treatments with 3 replicate cages per treatment and 10 chicks per cage, assigning experimental until to investigate the effect of either Antibiotic as growth promoter (colistinsulphate) or bee-pollen (natural, growth promoter) on performance, carcass characteristics, carcass parts and economical evaluation in broiler chickens. dietary treatments were: Control, basal diet without supplementation.Basal diet supplemented with 100g colistensulphate/ton, T1and T2-4, basal diet supplemented with 500, 1000 and 2000g/ton bee-pollen, respectively. The results indicated that: Supplementation of colistinsulphate (100g/ton, T1) or bee-pollen (2000g/ton, T4) recorded significant (P<0.05) higher body weight gain (being the same figure 12%, respectively), than the control group. Supplementation of colistinsulphate or bee-pollen recorded insignificant differences in feed intake, feed conversion ratio or calories and protein conversion ratio compared with that fed control diet, but numerically (T1 and T4) represented the best feed conversion (being, 1.67 and 1.65, respectively) compared with that fed control diet (1.83). Carcass characteristics % and carcass parts % showed insignificant figures (except, gizzard, heart, giblets, abdominal fat and wing %) when chicks fed different dietary treatments. Supplementation of colistinsulphate (T1) or bee-pollen (T2-4) recorded significant higher performance index being (98.62 to 105.9) compared with that fed control diet (86.21). Concerning economic evaluation, the best economical efficiency values were demonstrated when broiler fed 100g/ton (colistinsulphate) or 500 g/ton (bee-pollen) and the values were 65.3 and 40.8% more, respectively when compared with that of broiler chicks fed control diet. It could be concluded that supplementation basal diet with bee-pollen improved productive performance and enhanced economic efficiency of Cobb broiler chicks.

study was conducted to determine the effect of three different levels of propolis (PR) and antibiotic (Erythromycin, ER) in diets on performance, carcass characteristics, carcass parts and economical evaluation in broiler chicks. A total of 150 one day oldCobb chicks were weighed and randomly allocated into a completely randomized design (five treatments, three replicate groups, ten chicks in each group). The experimental diets were as foll ows; basal diet without supplementation (control), 275 g ER/ton (T1), 500 g PR/ton (T2), 1000 g PR/ton (T3) and 2000g ER/ton (T4). The main results obtained can be summarized as follows: chicks fed basal diets supplemented with PR or ER significantly (P≤0.05) increased body weight and body weight gain. Average of feed intake was not affected by adding ER or PR during overall experiment period (1 -35 days) of age. The best feed conversion ratio, calorie and protein conversion ratio were recorded for the groups supplied with different levels of PR (T2-4). Carcass characteristics (carcass % and total edible parts%) and carcass parts % (Breast, thigh, drumstick and wing %) were non-significantly different for all treatment groups except abdominal fat %, liver %, gizzard %, heart % and giblets %. Supplementation of 275 g ER/ton (T1), 500 g PR (T2) and 1000 g PR/ton (T3) to basal diet the economical efficiency by 28.3, 16.8% and 6.8%as compared to the control diet. In conclusion, supplemental 275 g ER/ton or 500 g PR/ton to broiler chick diets had a positive effect on growth performance and economical efficiency.

he aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of different dietary fat sources on carcass traits, carcass cuts and some bone measurements of broiler chicken. A total of 125, 7 day old (ROSS) broilers were allocated to 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates (5 birds each). Diets were split in phases, a starter (7-21 d), grower (22-28 d) and finisher (29-35 d), where broiler received on out of the experimental diets varying in their fat sources {Soybean oil (SBO) as control, palm oil (PO) T 1 , full fat soy (FFS) T 2 , dry fat (DF) T 3 and fatty acid mix (FAM) T 4 } with level of 2, 3 and 4% of starter, grower and finisher diets, respectively. The DF contained (30% fatty acid + 30% distillated fatty acid + 40% wheat bran) while FAM contained (50% fatty acid + 50% distilled fatty acid). The results showed that: Carcass traits % (carcass, giblets, total edible parts and abdominal fat) and carcass cuts % (breast drumstick, thigh and wing) did not significantly differ between treatments. Tibia bone measurements (wet tibia weight, tibia length, tibia breaking strength) showed insignificant difference with dietary treatments. In conclusion, it could be adding PO, FFS, DF or FAM at inclusion rates of 2% in starter, 3% in grower and 4% in finisher broiler diet as a replacement of SBO without any adverse effects on carcass traits or bone measurements.

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