Effect of reduction time on third order optical nonlinearity of reduced graphene oxide

Sreeja, V.; Vinitha, G.; Reshmi, R.; Anila, E.I.; Jayaraj, M. K.

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2017.01.042

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The analysis of the Raman spectra revealed that I D /I G decreased from 1.56 ± 0.06 for the GO flakes to 1.32 ± 0.07 and 1.08 ± 0.06 for the rGO flakes annealed at 300 and 600 • C, respectively. The change in the characteristics of the Raman spectra indicates the removal of oxygen functional groups[49,50], which is in good agreement with the XPS analysis.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

Measurements of the Electrical Conductivity of Monolayer Graphene Flakes Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

et al. 2021

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The intrinsic electrical conductivity of graphene is one of the key factors affecting the electrical conductance of its assemblies, such as papers, films, powders, and composites. Here, the local electrical conductivity of the individual graphene flakes was investigated using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). An isolated graphene flake connected to a pre-fabricated electrode was scanned using an electrically biased tip, which generated a current map over the flake area. The current change as a function of the distance between the tip and the electrode was analyzed analytically to estimate the contact resistance as well as the local conductivity of the flake. This method was applied to characterize graphene materials obtained using two representative large-scale synthesis methods. Monolayer graphene flakes synthesized by chemical vapor deposition on copper exhibited an electrical conductivity of 1.46 ± 0.82 × 106 S/m. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) flakes obtained by thermal annealing of graphene oxide at 300 and 600 °C exhibited electrical conductivities of 2.3 ± 1.0 and 14.6 ± 5.5 S/m, respectively, showing the effect of thermal reduction on the electrical conductivity of rGO flakes. This study demonstrates an alternative method to characterizing the intrinsic electrical conductivity of graphene-based materials, which affords a clear understanding of the local properties of individual graphene flakes.

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supporting

confidence: 84%

Measurements of the Electrical Conductivity of Monolayer Graphene Flakes Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

et al. 2021

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“…In presented work, the I D /I G ratios of rGO/BiVO 4 and GO are 0.58 and 0.9, respectively. The decrease of the I D /I G ratio in rGO/BiVO 4 –10% is a strong indication for a high degree of reduction of GO to graphene‐like rGO and restoration of the π‐conjugated system during the thermal synthesis of rGO/BiVO 4 –10% …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Excellent photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes to aminoarenes by BiVO₄ nanoparticles grafted on reduced graphene oxide (rGO/BiVO₄)

Azad

Bezaatpour

Amiri

et al. 2019

Applied Organom Chemis

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A novel heterogeneous composite material based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) was prepared and characterized by various techniques such as powder XRD, HRTEM, EADX, UV–Vis‐DRS, FT‐IR, Raman, BET and XPS analyses. The characterization results reveal that the rGO well decorated by BiVO4. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows the increasing of charge transfer of rGO/BiVO4 in presence of light irradiation. In this research, the pure BiVO4 and rGO/BiVO4 composite have been explored for photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes. Among the prepared nanocomposites, rGO loaded with 10% BiVO4 catalyst (noted as rGO/BiVO4–10%) shows the best performance for the photo‐reduction of various nitroaromatic molecules to their corresponding amine compounds under visible‐light irradiation at room temperature. The catalyst exhibited in particular excellent photocatalytic activity for the conversion of 1,4‐dinitrobenzene to 4‐nitroanilline (100% conversion) in 20 min, 4‐chloronitrobenzene to 4‐chloroaniline and 2‐nitrophenol to 2‐aminophenol (100% conversion) in only 30 min. In addition, the conversion of 4‐bromonitrobenzene, 4‐iodonitrobenzene to their corresponding amine compounds (100% conversion) was achieved in 60 min. The catalyst was recovered for several times and reused without decreasing of its efficiency.

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“…For this example, GO's peak was observed at 2θ = 13.2⁰. From the results, it can be said that the peak of RGO appears and peak of GO is reduced in direct proportion to the increase in reaction time [28]. According to Eq.…”

Section: 𝐷𝑝 = 𝐾𝜆/𝛽𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…For RGOs prepared at the 4th and 6th hour, the peak intensity (O-H) at 3137 cm -1 and the intensity of the alkoxy (C-O) peak at 1045 cm -1 decreased significantly. Because the reducing temperature was chosen as 100 ⁰C, free water molecules intercalated in GO evaporated, weakening the peak intensity of the O-H functional groups [26,28]. When the results obtained from FTIR and XRD are evaluated together, it is concluded that suitable conditions for the reduction of GO can be achieved using white cabbage extract at a reduction temperature of 100 ⁰C and a reduction time of 6 hours.…”

Section: 𝐷𝑝 = 𝐾𝜆/𝛽𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Reduction Temperature and Time on The Reduction of Graphene Oxide with White Cabbage Extract

Kütük

Gürer

2021

Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi

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Graphene is an important material that has attracted attention in recent years due to its large surface area, mechanical strength, thermal, electrical and magnetic properties. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was obtained by reducing the graphene oxide (GO) with green synthesis. For this purpose, white cabbage aqueous extract was selected to reduce GO. The total phenolic acids, which are the reducing agent in the extract, were determined according to the Folin-Cioceltau method. It was determined that there is 0.064 grams of polyphenols in 1 mL of white cabbage extract. In order to determine the reduction experimental conditions, a reduction temperature of 25, 50 and 100 ⁰C and 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours of reduction time were studied. Structural characterization of synthesized RGOs was performed with XRD, FTIR and SEM techniques. The results showed that GO was reduced at a reduction reaction temperature of 100 °C and a reduction reaction time of 6 hours. The peak seen at 22.08⁰ in the XRD data is evidence of reduction of GO.

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Effect of reduction time on third order optical nonlinearity of reduced graphene oxide

Cited by 56 publications

References 46 publications

Measurements of the Electrical Conductivity of Monolayer Graphene Flakes Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

Measurements of the Electrical Conductivity of Monolayer Graphene Flakes Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

Excellent photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes to aminoarenes by BiVO₄ nanoparticles grafted on reduced graphene oxide (rGO/BiVO₄)

Effect of Reduction Temperature and Time on The Reduction of Graphene Oxide with White Cabbage Extract

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Effect of reduction time on third order optical nonlinearity of reduced graphene oxide

Cited by 56 publications

References 46 publications

Measurements of the Electrical Conductivity of Monolayer Graphene Flakes Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

Measurements of the Electrical Conductivity of Monolayer Graphene Flakes Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

Excellent photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes to aminoarenes by BiVO4 nanoparticles grafted on reduced graphene oxide (rGO/BiVO4)

Effect of Reduction Temperature and Time on The Reduction of Graphene Oxide with White Cabbage Extract

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Excellent photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes to aminoarenes by BiVO₄ nanoparticles grafted on reduced graphene oxide (rGO/BiVO₄)