Effect of reducing dietary advanced glycation end products on obesity-associated complications: a systematic review

Abstract

Context Consumption of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and other chronic conditions commonly associated with obesity. Objective To analyze the effects of dietary AGEs on complications associated with obesity. Data sources This systematic review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were searched, using the terms “advanced glycation end products,” “overweight,” and “obesity.” The last search was performed in October 2018. Data extraction Six studies that evaluated the effects of low-AGE and high-AGE diets were included in the review. The duration of the studies ranged from 1 day to 12 weeks. A comparison of all the compiled data was conducted by the authors. Data analysis Circulating and urinary AGE markers, besides soluble receptor for AGEs, were considered as the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were cardiometabolic, inflammatory, glycemic, anthropometric, and renal markers. Conclusions AGE-RAGE interactions can activate the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) signaling pathway and inhibit the PI3K-AKT pathway in adipocytes, which may explain their association with chronic diseases. This interaction can be considered as a novel explanation for the pathogenesis of obesity. AGEs can also be used as a biomarker for monitoring responses to dietary interventions in overweight and obese people. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018082745.

The impact of low advanced glycation end products diet on obesity and related hormones: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Therefore non-significant effects observed in our analysis might be related to this issue. The duration of intervention is an important factor to obtain real conclusion regarding the effects of nutritional intervention on health outcomes 7 . The length of interventions varied among studies included in this meta-analysis and the results of subgroup analysis revealed that reduction effects of low AGE diets on body weight and BMI were more pronounced in groups with length of follow up ≥ 8 weeks.…”

Plasma Catestatin Levels and Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients on Hemodialysis

“…This process is aggravated by hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammation [11]. It has been proved that higher levels of AGEs are associated with diabetes [12], cardiovascular events [13], high BMI [14], CKD [15] and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [16]. Endogenous and exogenous AGEs are partially degraded in the body and eliminated by kidneys which makes renal function both a target and an instigator for AGEs [17].…”

Personalized diet study of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) genotypes in obesity

“…Nonenzymatic reactions between reactive sugars and proteins (e.g.Maillard reaction) contribute to AGEs formation 13 . Likewise, the Maillard reaction, leading to food browning, is known to increase AGEs formation and this phenomenon in proteins and reducing sugars are accelerated depending on temperature, time of food preparation, pH and size of the sugars 14 – 16 . Furthermore, the role of foods as well as smoking and air pollution as exogenous sources of AGEs have been illustrated 12 .…”

“…In this pathway, glucose to sorbitol conversion reduces the precursor that are needed for glutathione (GSH) production; which is the most likely mechanism to increased polyol pathway flux, contributing to obesity 23 . Since dietary AGEs increase the risk of obesity, lower intake of dietary AGEs may be beneficial to human health independent of energy restriction; even tough, AGEs have been introduced as a novel biomarker of obesity 14 . Accordingly, this study with a new gene-nutrient approach, can provide a better perspective of dietary interventions and it is of interest that whether FADS 2 gene polymorphism and dietary AGEs content might affect obesity-related risk-traits together which has not been assessed before.…”