Effect of recombinant crustacean hyperglycemic hormones rCHH‐B1 and rCHH‐B2 on lipid metabolism in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

The crustacean hyperglycemic hormones (CHH) are pleiotropic neuropeptides controlling diverse processes in the life cycle of crustaceans. In the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, CHH‐B1 and CHH‐B2 are generated by alternative splicing of the same gene, and the recombinant versions of these peptides have shown differential effects on glucose metabolism and osmoregulation in this species. In this work, we explored the role of both recombinant variants, expressed in yeast Pichia pastoris, on lipid metabolism. The results showed that rCHH‐B1 and rCHH‐B2 injections into eyestalk‐ablated shrimp significantly increased the phospholipid and triglyceride levels in haemolymph and restored free fatty acid levels, suggesting that these CHH variants mobilize lipid reserves in shrimp. The effects on lipids were concomitant to its hyperglycemic activity, suggesting that both variants, in addition to their hyperglycemic activity, have hyperlipidemic functions.

Compensatory growth: Fitness cost in farmed fish and crustaceans

“…225 In addition, CHH has recently shown hyperlipidaemic functions in the shrimp P. vannamei. 226 Thus, CHH may play a major role in the successive mobilisation of carbohydrates and lipids during periods of food restriction in crustaceans. However, very few studies have analysed the evolution of CHH under conditions of food scarcity.…”

“…Secretion of CHH leads to the stimulation of glycogen breakdown in order to maintain the concentration of glucose in the haemolymph 225 . In addition, CHH has recently shown hyperlipidaemic functions in the shrimp P. vannamei 226 . Thus, CHH may play a major role in the successive mobilisation of carbohydrates and lipids during periods of food restriction in crustaceans.…”

Silencing of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone gene expression reveals the characteristic energy and metabolic changes in the gills and epidermis of crayfish Procambarus clarkii

“…Eyestalk ablation markedly reduces levels of phospholipids, triglycerides, and free fatty acids in the hemolymph. Conversely, in vivo administration of recombinant CHH can restore these lipid levels ( Montiel-Arzate et al, 2020 ). Furthermore, employing RNA interference (RNA i ) techniques and metabolomic profiling has unveiled CHH’s stimulation of lipolysis in the hepatopancreas, its promotion of carbohydrate utilization through glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, as well as the enhancement of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and amino acid biosynthesis in muscle tissue ( Li et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Chen et al, 2020 ).…”

Dose-dependent effect of recombinant CHH-B1 on osmoregulatory capacity and Na+/K+-ATPase expression in bilaterally eyestalk-ablated shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

“…rCHH-B1 has been demonstrated to cause hyperglycemia in eyestalk-ablated shrimp at 35 ppt (Camacho-Jiménez et al, 2015). Moreover, rCHH-B1 has proven to elicit triglycerides and phospholipids mobilization into hemolymph, making lipids available for uptake by tissues (Montiel-Arzate et al, 2020). In this sense, unsaturated phospholipid content in posterior gills tissue has been positively related to the level of NKA activity (Chapelle and Zwingelstein, 1984).…”

“…Notably, the expression of CHH variant B1 (CHH-B1) is strongly influenced by environmental salinity and temperature (Lago-Lestón et al, 2007). Moreover, the ability of CHH-B1 peptide to elicit hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in shrimp hemolymph has been proven by the injection of recombinant peptides (Sánchez-Castrejón et al, 2008;Camacho-Jiménez et al, 2015, Montiel-Arzate et al, 2020. Administration of recombinant CHH-B1 also has demonstrated to restore the osmoregulatory capacity (OC) of L. vannamei acclimated to hyper-osmotic salinity (Camacho-Jiménez et al, 2017a), suggesting that this variant participates in the response to salinity stress and the hydromineral balance in white shrimp.…”