Effect of Reaction Time and Temperature on Chemical, Structural, Optical, and Photoelectrical Properties of PbS Thin Films Chemically Deposited from the Pb(OAc)2–NaOH–TU–TEA Aqueous System

Castelo-González, Omar A.; Sotelo-Lerma, M.; García-Valenzuela, J.A.

doi:10.1007/s11664-016-4856-z

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…The main photoemission peak, in the Pb 4f region (labeled as Pb─I), is centered at 138.52 AE 22 eV binding energy and is in complete correspondence to the energy location of PbI 2 , fact that evidence that the films are indeed lead (II) iodide. [41][42][43] Also, there is the presence of a minority peak related to a lead oxide [44] coming from the presence of oxygen in the annealing atmosphere, with a peak located at 139.50 AE 25 eV.…”

Section: Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Solis-Mosquera,

Cabrera-German,

Santacruz-Ortega

et al. 2023

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Lead iodide (PbI 2 ) thin films are interesting semiconductor materials arranged in quasi 2D layers, [1] that have an optical bandgap near the ultraviolet (E g = 2.4 eV) spectrum and are composed of atoms with a high atomic mass. [2,3] These characteristics of PbI 2 allow its use in diverse applications, [4][5][6][7][8] with a recent interest in large-area visible, X-ray, and γ-ray radiation detectors. [2,9] Additionally, PbI 2 thin films are excellent precursors in the chemical synthesis of lead halide perovskite CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPI) thin films, [10][11][12] which are photovoltaic materials of great importance. However, whether PbI 2 can be used as a high-performance optoelectronic material or efficient chemical precursor, strongly depends on achieving favorable structural properties. [3,[12][13][14] Moreover, the understanding of how the different deposition conditions affect the multiple stacking conformations that the compact PbI 2 layers take [15] is challenging. Different structural configurations known as polytypes [16] can be achieved but are difficult to reproduce, [3] and can lead to diverse microstructures, [17][18][19] that in turn produce varying optical and electrical properties.Different polytypes can be obtained according to the annealing conditions [20] and the implemented synthesis methodology. [21] Diverse previous studies have reported the synthesis of PbI 2 employing thermal evaporation, physical vapor deposition, laser ablation, atomic layer deposition, spray pyrolysis, and spin-coating with favorable crystalline properties. [12][13][14]22,23] The literature shows that the most common polytype is the 2H, albeit the 4H and 12R polytypes have been reported [24,25] at annealing treatments of 150 and 170 °C, respectively. Achieving the 4H and 12R polytypes may improve the optoelectronic properties in large-area radiation sensors, as well as favoring the quality and stability of perovskite thin films. Thus, the use of PbI 2 thin films in such purposes requires the examination of the structural properties at specified synthesis parameters.Therefore, in this work, we explore the synthesis of PbI 2 thin films via chemical bath deposition (CBD), a technique that has not been extensively studied for the deposition of PbI 2 thin films, only few reports exist in the literature. [3,26] CBD, when done correctly, enables the deposition of uniform, homogeneous, and large-area thin films that are strongly adhered to almost any kind of substrate. This technique does not require complex infrastructure, ergo it is low cost and easy to implement, and has been proven successful for the synthesis of numerous metal iodide thin films. [27][28][29][30] However, achieving good-quality films is complicated, because it requires fine tuning of the chemical formulation (reaction solution), as shown by the work of Kariper [3] where the structure and optical properties of the PbI 2 thin films are significantly influenced by the pH of the reaction solution.

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Section: Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Solis-Mosquera,

Cabrera-German,

Santacruz-Ortega

et al. 2023

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Synthesis of highly basic, low-cost iron oxides from tin can waste as valorization of municipal solid waste and study of their catalytic efficiency as potent catalysts for MEK production

Gomaa,

Osman,

Halawy

et al. 2023

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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In the present study, low-cost iron oxide catalysts have been prepared by a simple precipitation method using tin food can waste as a source of iron and sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide solution as a precipitating agent. The prepared catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDAX quantitative elemental analysis, and BET surface area measurements. Surface basicity of iron oxide catalysts was measured by adsorption of carbon dioxide as an acidic probe molecule, followed by desorption measurements using the TGA technique. The prepared iron oxide catalysts were tested by dehydrogenation of 2-butanol to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) at a temperature range of 275–375 °C. Commercial iron oxide was tested under identical reaction conditions for comparison with the prepared catalysts. The results indicated the superiority of the prepared catalysts over the commercial one and the superiority of the catalyst prepared using NaOH over that prepared using NH4OH as precipitating agents. The use of different precipitating agents affects the surface morphology and, consequently, the catalytic activity of the produced iron oxide catalysts. Graphical abstract

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Studies on chemically synthesized PbS thin films for IR detector application

Rohom

Londhe

Jadhav

et al. 2017

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Effect of Reaction Time and Temperature on Chemical, Structural, Optical, and Photoelectrical Properties of PbS Thin Films Chemically Deposited from the Pb(OAc)2–NaOH–TU–TEA Aqueous System

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Synthesis of highly basic, low-cost iron oxides from tin can waste as valorization of municipal solid waste and study of their catalytic efficiency as potent catalysts for MEK production

Studies on chemically synthesized PbS thin films for IR detector application

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Effect of Reaction Time and Temperature on Chemical, Structural, Optical, and Photoelectrical Properties of PbS Thin Films Chemically Deposited from the Pb(OAc)2–NaOH–TU–TEA Aqueous System

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI2 Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI2 Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Synthesis of highly basic, low-cost iron oxides from tin can waste as valorization of municipal solid waste and study of their catalytic efficiency as potent catalysts for MEK production

Studies on chemically synthesized PbS thin films for IR detector application

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing