Effect of quaternary cementitious systems containing limestone, blast furnace slag and natural pozzolan on mechanical behavior of limestone mortars

Makhloufi, Zoubir; Chettih, Mohamed; Bédérina, Madani; Kadri, E.l. Hadj; Bouhicha, M.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.050

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In general, low aluminate and alkali amounts in the Portland cements negatively affects the early compressive strength of the ternary cement made with GBFS and CFA. Recently, the effect of quaternary cementitious systems containing limestone began being developed [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag and Coal Fly Ash Ternary Portland Cements Optimization

2020

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Granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) and coal fly ash (CFA) are two well-known constituents in Portland cements. Ternary Portland cements (GBFS-CFA-K) provide environmental advantages by reducing Portland cement clinker (K) production and, therefore, promote lower CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, both of them cause a delay in the compressive strength gain. Given that, the early compressive strength for both constituents is low, but they improve the compressive strength at medium and later ages as consequence of the pozzolanic reaction. In this paper, a full factorial design with two levels was developed for the mortar compressive strength estimation at 2, 7 and 28 days. Mortar prisms made with 25% and 40% of granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) and/or coal fly ash (CFA) were tested. The effects of the interaction between GBFS and CFA on the compressive strength development of ternary Portland cement mortars were reported. Results show that the contribution of both cement constituents to the ternary mortar mix reduces the compressive strength for all the tested ages. Nevertheless, the finer the GBFS, the better ternary cement performance was achieved, showing that the synergistic effect is more effective when the finer GBFS is used, probably due to a more adequate particle size distribution. Finally, a relationship between compressive strength, fineness, GBFS content and CFA content was found for each age.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag and Coal Fly Ash Ternary Portland Cements Optimization

2020

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“…An excessive amount of LP is not conducive to the compressive strength of mortar. The use of 50% LP resulted in a 33% drop in 28-day strength, although it had a better early (2 days) strength [59]. Some other studies had contradictory findings about the effect of LP on the strength of mortar.…”

Section: Effects On Strengthmentioning

confidence: 91%

Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction

et al. 2020

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Rapid growth in industrial development has raised the concern of proper disposal of the by-products generated in industries. Many of them may cause serious pollution to the air, land, and water if dumped in open landfills. Agricultural and municipal wastes also cause environmental issues if not managed properly. Besides, minimizing the carbon footprint has become a priority in every industry to slow down global warming and climate change effects. The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) obtained from agricultural, industrial, municipal, and natural sources can decrease a significant amount of fossil fuel burning by reducing cement production and contribute to proper waste management. Also, SCMs can enhance desirable material properties like flowability, strength, and durability. Such materials may play a big role to meet the need of modern time for resilient construction. The effective application of SCMs in cement-based materials requires a clear understanding of their physical and chemical characteristics. Researchers studied how the flowability, strength, and durability properties of structural mortar change with the replacement of cement with different SCMs. Various experiments were conducted to examine the behavior of structural mortar in extreme conditions (e.g., high temperature). Many scholars have attempted to improve its performance with various treatment techniques. This article is an attempt to bring all the major findings of the recent relevant studies together, identify research gaps in the current state of knowledge on the utilization of SCMs in structural mortar, and give several recommendations for further study. The available results from recent studies have been reviewed, analyzed, and summarized in this article. A collection of the updated experimental findings will encourage and ease the use of various by-products and wastes as SCMs in structural mortar for sustainable construction.

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“…Calcite formed by carbonation and addition of slag seals the soil pores, resulting in preventing heavy metals leaching [40,41]. Makhloufi et al [42] also reported that calcium present in slags can form C-S-H gel during hydration due to the pozzolanic reaction. Carbonated slag generally has less Ca available for the pozzolanic reaction due to consumption of calcium hydroxide by CO2 binding in the preceding carbonation.…”

Section: Effect Of Carbonated Slag Amendment On the Immobilization Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of aqueous carbonated slags in the immobilization of heavy metals in field-contaminated soils

Choi

Shin

2019

Environmental Engineering Research

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The aqueous carbonation efficiencies of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and ladle slags at various pressures, temperatures, and liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios were investigated to determine optimum conditions. The maximum CO2 carbonated concentrations in slag (0.584 mmol/g for BOF slag and 1.038 mmol/g for ladle slag) was obtained at 10 bars, 40°C, and L/S = 5 mL/g-dry. The L/S ratio was the most critical parameter for carbonation. The effect of carbonated slag amendment on the immobilization of heavy metals in two field-contaminated soils was also investigated. The immobilization efficiencies evaluated by using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SM&T) were above 90% for both raw and carbonated slags for all soils. The TCLP-extractable heavy metals concentrations were below the criteria (5.0, 1.0 and 5.0 g/L for Pb, Cd, and Cr, respectively) after immobilizations with both slags except for Pb in soil B. The SM&T analysis showed the decrease in the exchangeable phase but the increase in residual phase after immobilization with raw and carbonated slags. The results of this study imply the promising potential of the carbonated slags on the immobilization of heavy metals in the field-contaminated soils.

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Effect of quaternary cementitious systems containing limestone, blast furnace slag and natural pozzolan on mechanical behavior of limestone mortars

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag and Coal Fly Ash Ternary Portland Cements Optimization

Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag and Coal Fly Ash Ternary Portland Cements Optimization

Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction

Application of aqueous carbonated slags in the immobilization of heavy metals in field-contaminated soils

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