Rapid growth in industrial development has raised the concern of proper disposal of the by-products generated in industries. Many of them may cause serious pollution to the air, land, and water if dumped in open landfills. Agricultural and municipal wastes also cause environmental issues if not managed properly. Besides, minimizing the carbon footprint has become a priority in every industry to slow down global warming and climate change effects. The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) obtained from agricultural, industrial, municipal, and natural sources can decrease a significant amount of fossil fuel burning by reducing cement production and contribute to proper waste management. Also, SCMs can enhance desirable material properties like flowability, strength, and durability. Such materials may play a big role to meet the need of modern time for resilient construction. The effective application of SCMs in cement-based materials requires a clear understanding of their physical and chemical characteristics. Researchers studied how the flowability, strength, and durability properties of structural mortar change with the replacement of cement with different SCMs. Various experiments were conducted to examine the behavior of structural mortar in extreme conditions (e.g., high temperature). Many scholars have attempted to improve its performance with various treatment techniques. This article is an attempt to bring all the major findings of the recent relevant studies together, identify research gaps in the current state of knowledge on the utilization of SCMs in structural mortar, and give several recommendations for further study. The available results from recent studies have been reviewed, analyzed, and summarized in this article. A collection of the updated experimental findings will encourage and ease the use of various by-products and wastes as SCMs in structural mortar for sustainable construction.
Self-flowing mortar (SFM) is being popular in recent time. Its' easy-placement nature makes it suitable for narrow or congested reinforced places. To comply with modern-age needs, many supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are gaining importance nowadays. Using industrial and agricultural wastes as SCM, ensures proper management of many hazardous materials and saves cost as well. Incorporation of these two techniques can offer cost-effective and environment-friendly solutions to many construction problems. Many researchers studied the effect of different SCMs on mortar properties in recent years. The objective of this study is to summarize the findings of recent experiments. This will help the experts of this field to optimize their mix design easily, as well as, the researchers to find the research gap and determine the direction of their future studies.
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