Effect of Propolis Ethanolic Extract Supplementation to Ram Semen Extenders on Sperm Characteristics, Lipid Peroxidation and some Enzymatic Activities in Seminal Plasma in Chilled Semen

Abstract

This study designed to examine effects of adding different concentrations of propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) as antioxidant to ram semen extenders; tris egg yolk (TEY) or tris-soybean lecithin (TSBL) on sperm characteristics, lipid peroxidation and enzymatic activities in seminal plasma of ram semen preserved at 5°C for 48 hours. Semen was collected from five adult Rahmani rams using an artificial vagina twice/week for 5 weeks. Pooled semen was extended with TEY or TSBL supplemented with different concentrations from PEE (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml). Polyphenols and flavonoid compounds in propolis ethanolic extract were identified. In each treatment, percentage of progressive motility, livability, and abnormality were determined. Also, percentages of sperm membrane integrity or chromatin damage were determined. Concentrations of total antioxidant (TAO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of acid phosphatase (ACP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and asprtate (AST) and alanine (ALT) transaminase, were determined. Results showed that the most effective polyphenolic compounds in the prolopolis ethanolic extract was the chlorogenic acids, catechein, protocatchuic and pyrogallol (120.623, 53.006, 23.907 and 11.048 mg/100g extract, respectively). Luteo.6-arbinose 8-glucose was the predominant identified flavonoid component in propolis extract (5268.78ppm), followed by acacetin, hisperidin, apig.6-rhamnose8glucose, apig.6-glucose8-rhamnose, kamp.3-(2-p-comaroyl) glucose and luteo.6-glucose 8-arbinose with concentrations (647. 53, 561.09, 366.47, 150.46, 144.51 and 109.42 ppm, respectively. The effect of propolis ethanolic extract supplementation to ram semen extenders was significant (P<0.05) only on the overall percentages of sperm progressive motility and sperm chromatin damage while, sperm livability, abnormality and membrane integrity were not affected significantly (P<0.05). Concentration of TAC was numerically (P= 0.82) higher in TEY extender with different concentrations of PEE than TSBL. However, MDA was lower (P<0.05) in free TEY, followed by TSBL with PEE. Activity of LDH, AST and ALT tended to be lower in seminal plasma of semen extended with TSBL than TEY. These results showed beneficial effects of soybean lecithin and propolis ethanolic extract in tris based extender on progressive motility and chromatin integrity of spermatozoa up to 48 h of preservation at 5°C. Also, lipid peroxidation and enzyme activity were lower in TSBL than TEY. In addition, soybean lecithin can effectively replace egg yolk as a protective additive with propolis ethanolic extract for preservation extender without any detrimental effects on post-chilling semen quality in rams.

Brazilian green propolis doesn't have a beneficial effect on the cryopreservation of domestic cat epididymal spermatozoa

“…The viability data did not show superiority for the samples with propolis. This result is in accordance with El-Harairy et al (2018), which they reported the effect of propolis only on the increase in motility, with no improvement in the viability and integrity of biological membranes. In contrast, the best response of P1 and P2 groups to hiposmotic test, especially this latter, (El-Seadawy et al, 2017;Kasiotis et al, 2017;Baykalir et al, 2018).…”

General and Progressive Semen Motility Affected by using Black Currant (Prunus cerasus) Extracts in Rams

“…This study result finding broadly supports the work of other studies in this area linking motility with source of energy and production of ATP which our result showed increased significantly in the general and progressive motility in addition of aqueoussemen extender as showed in Figure (1 and 2). Moreover, the figures illustrated the superiorityof G1 significantly among all groups, This study supports evidence from previous observations (Alenezy et al, 2019;Asadzadeh et al, 2021 andEl-Harairy et al, 2018) uses of natural source of material in the extender of semen for chilling and cryopreservation of the bull sperm, in the seam area the current study found that used of vitamins are promote and increased sperm parameter (general and progressive motility) is support our result (Espina et al, 2021). Also the season in Iraq had a significant effect upon animal testis specially the summer season which show the lowest reproductive activity (Ibrahim and Zaid, 2017).…”

The Quality of Frozen Semen of Limousin Bull in Various Semen Diluents

“…The percentages of progressive sperm motility in the four diluents were under the requirements of SNI 4869-1:2017 for frozen bovine semen, with sperm motility of at least 40% (Badan Standardisasi Nasional, 2017). Khalil et al (2018) reported that freezing and thawing processes decreased bull-sperm motility by 26.2%-60%. This study showed that the decreases in sperm motilities were between 3.6% and 28.4%.…”

“…Low release of AST enzyme from the sperm reflects the effectiveness of the diluent in maintaining the integrity of the sperm membrane. Generally, the best semen diluents can block the release of enzymes and other electrolytes from the sperm cells (El-Harairy et al, 2018).…”