Effect of prolonged iron deficiency on enamel pigmentation and tooth structure in rat incisors

Prime, Stephen S.; MacDonald, D.G.; Noble, H.W.; Rennie, James

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(84)90090-6

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Stein and Boyle [27] have concluded that pigmentation does not affect enamel structural properties based on the observation that after surgically destroying the pigment-containing part of the enamel organ, the integrity of the underlying enamel is not affected. On the other hand, Prime et al [28] showed that prolonged iron deficiency caused loss of pigmentation as well as enamel hypoplasia and aplasia, suggesting iron deficiency is associated with severe structural defects of enamel. Our results that iron is not only present in ameloblasts of continuously growing incisors, but also evident in ameloblasts of molars, favor the idea that iron is an integral component for enamel formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Deposition and Ferritin Heavy Chain (Fth) Localization in Rodent Teeth

2013

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BackgroundAn iron rich layer on the labial surface is characteristic of the enamel of rodent incisors. In order to address a role for iron content in continuously growing incisors during odontogenesis, we studied iron deposition patterns in enamel and dentine using Perls’ blue staining and ferritin heavy chain (Fth) immunolocalization. Fth expression is regulated by iron level; therefore its localization can be used as a sensitive indicator for iron deposition.ResultsSagittal sections of 4-week old rat incisors showed a gradual increase in iron level in the enamel organ from secretory to maturation stages. In addition, iron was detected in ameloblasts of erupting third molars of 4-week old rats, suggesting iron plays a role in both incisor and molar development. In odontoblasts, the presence of iron was demonstrated, and this is consistent with iron’s role in collagen synthesis. Using postnatal 3-, 6-, 9-day old mice, the spatial and temporal expression of Fth in tooth development again indicated the presence of iron in mature ameloblasts and odontoblasts.ConclusionsWhile these data do not explain what functional role iron has in tooth formation, it does highlight a significant molecular activity associated with the formation of the rodent dentition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Deposition and Ferritin Heavy Chain (Fth) Localization in Rodent Teeth

2013

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“…Autophagy related 7 (ATG7) protein is essential for the secretion of iron from ameloblasts 37 . Moreover, iron deficiency leads to gross loss of pigmentation and enamel hypoplasia/aplasia 38 . Although amelogenin plays a fundamental role in achieving the precise crystal habit, the enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-20 prevents protein occlusion inside apatite crystals 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution Raman spectroscopy reveals compositional differences between pigmented incisor enamel and unpigmented molar enamel in Rattus norvegicus

Shah

2023

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Dental enamel is a peculiar biological tissue devoid of any self-renewal capacity as opposed to bone. Thus, a thorough understanding of enamel composition is essential to develop novel strategies for dental enamel repair. While the mineral found in bone and dental enamel is generally viewed as the biologically-produced equivalent of hydroxy(l)apatite, the formation of these bioapatites is controlled by different organic matrix frameworks—mainly type-I collagen in bone and amelogenin in enamel. In lower vertebrates, such as rodents, two distinct types of enamel are produced. Iron-containing pigmented enamel protects the continuously growing incisor teeth while magnesium-rich unpigmented enamel covers the molar teeth. Using high-resolution Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, this work explores the differences in acid phosphate (HPO42−), carbonate (CO32−), hydroxyl (OH−), iron, and magnesium content of pigmented incisor enamel and unpigmented molar enamel of Sprague Dawley rats. Bundles of hydroxy(l)apatite nanowires comprise the enamel prisms, where prisms in pigmented enamel are wider and longer than those in unpigmented molars. In contrast to magnesium-rich unpigmented enamel, higher mineral crystallinity, and higher HPO42− and OH− levels are hallmark features of iron-rich pigmented enamel. Furthermore, the apparent absence of iron oxides or oxy(hydroxides) indicates that iron is introduced into the apatite lattice at the expense of calcium, albeit in amounts that do not alter the Raman signatures of the PO43− internal modes. Compositional idiosyncrasies of iron-rich pigmented and nominally iron-free unpigmented enamel offer new insights into enamel biomineralisation supporting the notion that, in rodents, ameloblast function differs significantly between the incisors and the molars.

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“…Because the composition of teeth depends on the species, but also from the diet, the origin of the difference cannot be assigned to a peculiar cause. Fe plays a role in the pigmentation of the enamel, as well as structural anomalies (Prime et al, 1984) and the "yellow orange" enamel of Rattus is rich in Fe. The orange incisors of Meriones are also rich in Fe.…”

Section: Early Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%