Effect of processing induced particle alignment on the fracture toughness and fracture behavior of multiphase dental ceramics

Fracture toughness mode mixity at the connectors of monolithic 3Y-TZP and LS2 dental bridge constructs

“…In such dimensions the razor-blade cut root radius ρ LS2 was taken to act as a straight through defect, reaching the size of microstructural features, such as crystal length (6-8 m) and glass islands observed on the fracture surfaces (10-20 m), which act as "natural" crack initiating defects. The pure mode-I fracture toughness K Ic at d 0 was measured to 2.59 ± 0.03 MPa √ m for the LS 2 glass-ceramic, and agrees well with values reported in the literature for its predecessor having ZnO in the glassy phase (IPS Empress 2, Ivoclar-Vivadent) [13][14][15]. The present study is apparently the first to test this new commercial formulation of the LS 2 ceramic using the SEVNB geometry.…”

“…25% less energy is required for unstable crack growth for cracks following the alignment of crystals when compared to LS 2 samples having randomly oriented microstructure (isotropic partially crystallized LS 2 ). This effect is also visible in strength measurements [13]. The splitting of crystals is too energetically unfavorable, leading to crack deflection around crystals [28] (see Fig.…”

Flexural strength and microstructure of two lithium disilicate glass ceramics for CAD/CAM restoration in the dental clinic

“…The second most frequent contributor to clinical failure may be bulk breakdown of the restoration 4. Ceramics are inherently brittle materials and prone to breaking under inadvertent bending forces.…”

Systematic approach to preparing ceramic–glass composites with high translucency for dental restorations

“…Some aluminosilicate glasses containing rare earth oxides have relatively high refractive indexes (n = 1.7-1.8), especially after the addition of lanthanum and yttrium oxides [8][9][10]. This explains why glasses that are infiltrated into alumina preforms usually contain lanthanum oxide [11]. Another important glass property is the viscosity, since it affects the temperature at which the infiltration process is carried out.…”