Effect of present versus previous smoking on non-invasive haemodynamics

Choudhary, Manoj Kumar; Eräranta, Arttu; Tikkakoski, Antti; Bouquin, Heidi; Hautaniemi, Elina J.; Kähönen, Mika; Sipilä, Kalle; Mustonen, Jukka; Pörsti, Ilkka

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31904-6

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, adulthood smoking status was inversely associated with the SVRI. Cross-sectionally, systemic vascular resistance has been shown to be lower in current smokers than in previous or never smokers in adults [14], a finding that is in agreement with the present finding. A pathophysiological mechanism behind this finding could be the direct and indirect hemodynamic influences of carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke, such as vasodilation [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Impaired glucose tolerance [9], type 2 diabetes [9], metabolic syndrome [10], an increasing number of metabolic syndrome components [10], hypertension [11], and abdominal obesity [12] have been shown to be associated with increased systemic vascular resistance in cross-sectional experiments in adults. Concerning other risk factors and lifestyle, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol [13] and smoking [14] have also been reported to be cross-sectionally associated with systemic vascular resistance in adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of early life risk factors and lifestyle on systemic vascular resistance in later adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

et al. 2021

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Purpose: There are limited data available concerning the effects of lifetime risk factors and lifestyle on systemic hemodynamics, especially on systemic vascular resistance. The purpose of the study was to evaluate how lifetime cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index (BMI), highdensity lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose) and lifestyle factors (vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, smoking and physical activity) predict systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and cardiac index (CI) assessed in adulthood. Materials and Methods: Our study cohort comprised 1635 subjects of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study followed up for 27 years since baseline (1980; aged 3-18 years, females 54.3%) who had risk factor and lifestyle data available since childhood. Systemic hemodynamics were measured in 2007 (aged 30-45 years) by whole-body impedance cardiography. Results: In the multivariable regression analysis, independent predictors of the adulthood SVRI were childhood BMI, blood glucose, vegetable consumption, smoking, and physical activity (p .046 for all). Vegetable consumption, smoking, and physical activity remained significant when adjusted for corresponding adult data (p .036 for all). For the CI, independent predictors in childhood were BMI, systolic blood pressure, vegetable consumption, and physical activity (p .044 for all), and the findings remained significant after adjusting for corresponding adult data (p .046 for all). The number of childhood and adulthood risk factors and unfavourable lifestyle factors was directly associated with the SVRI (p < .001) in adulthood. A reduction in the number of risk factors and unfavourable lifestyle factors or a favourable change in BMI status from childhood to adulthood was associated with a lower SVRI in adulthood (p < .001). Conclusion: Childhood BMI, blood glucose, vegetable consumption, smoking and physical activity independently predict systemic vascular resistance in adulthood. A favourable change in the number of risk factors or BMI from childhood to adulthood was associated with lower vascular resistance in adulthood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of early life risk factors and lifestyle on systemic vascular resistance in later adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

et al. 2021

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“…According to our previous report that was focused on the haemodynamic effects of smoking, and also to a comprehensive review, smoking does not usually influence PWV [12,58]. In our previous study, present smokers had a clear reduction in systemic vascular resistance [58], and such a haemodynamic change may favour reductions in PWV. Finally, the cross-sectional design does not allow conclusions about causality, and the present findings should be confirmed in follow-up studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Atherogenic index of plasma is related to arterial stiffness but not to blood pressure in normotensive and never-treated hypertensive subjects

et al. 2019

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Background and aims: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), defined as the logarithm of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, is a strong predictor of future cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to examine the association of AIP with haemodynamic variables in normotensive and never-treated hypertensive subjects in a cross-sectional study. Methods: Supine haemodynamics in 615 subjects without antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications were examined using whole-body impedance cardiography and radial pulse wave analysis. Linear regression analysis was applied to investigate the association of AIP with haemodynamic variables and age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, plasma C-reactive protein, electrolytes, uric acid, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), estimated glomerular filtration rate, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. Results: The demographics and laboratory values of the study population were (mean ± 95% confidence interval): age 44.9 ± 1.0 years, BMI 26.8 ± 0.4 kg/m 2 , office blood pressure 140.6 ± 1.6/ 89.4 ± 1.0 mmHg, total cholesterol 5.2 ± 0.08, LDL-C 3.1 ± 0.08, triglycerides 1.2 ± 0.08, HDL-C 1.6 ± 0.04 mmol/l, and AIP À0.15 ± 0.02. Age (standardized coefficient Beta 0.508, p < .001) and aortic systolic blood pressure (Beta 0.239, p < .001) presented with the strongest associations with pulse wave velocity. However, AIP was also associated with pulse wave velocity (Beta 0.145, p < .001). AIP was not related with aortic or radial blood pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, or augmentation index. Conclusions: AIP is directly and independently associated with arterial stiffness, a variable strongly related to cardiovascular risk. This supports more widespread use of AIP in standard clinical cardiovascular disease risk evaluation. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Табачный дым является одним из наиболее значимых факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ), включая инфаркт миокарда, инсульт, заболевания периферических артерий и сердечную недостаточность (СН) [2,3]. Курение также является второй по частоте причиной ССЗ после повышенного артериального давления (АД) [4]. Крупные эпидемиологические исследования, посвященные влиянию кардиальных факторов риска (ФР) на структуру и функцию сердца, указывают на ассоциацию курения табака с увеличением массы миокарда левого желудочка (ММЛЖ) и снижением его систолической функции [5][6][7], однако известны исследования, показавшие противоположные результаты [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 2021;17(4) / Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии 2021;17(4) …”

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Association of smoking with indicators of the structure and function of left ventricle of the heart in middle-aged men

Isaykina¹,

Rozanov²,

Александров³

et al. 2021

Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii

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Aim. Evaluation of the association of smoking (status, intensity and duration) with indicators of the structure and function of the left ventricle of the heart in a sample of middle-aged men.Material and methods. This study is part of a 32-year prospective cohort observation of men from childhood (11-12 years). 301 (30.0%) representatives of the original population sample aged 41-44 years were included in the study. The examination included a survey on intensity of smoking, anthropometry, measuring blood pressure, pulse rate, echocardiography, and blood lipid analysis.Results. 301 men aged 41-44 included 92 (30.6%) men who had never smoked, 73 (24.3%) men smoked in the past and 136 (45.2%) men currently smoke. 75% of current smokers started smoking before age 19, of which 32.3% started smoking before age 15. The duration of smoking cessation among former smokers was 14.4 (12.5; 16.2) years. The average duration of smoking [average (95% confidence interval)] among former smokers was 14.4 (12.5; 16.2), for current smokers – 25.3 (24.6; 26.0) years. Current smoking was statistically significantly associated with higher mean values of the left ventricular myocardium mass (LVMM), the left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMMI), the end-systolic and end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSTs/IVSTd), the end-systolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWs), and the intensity and duration of current smoking were associated with higher values of the relative wall thickness of the left ventricle, the end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness, the end-systolic interventricular septum thickness, and with low values of the left ventricular stroke volume index (LV SVI). Multiple regression analysis showed that current smoking has an independent effect on the left ventricular myocardium mass, the left ventricular myocardial mass index and the end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness, and the duration and intensity of smoking has an effect on the index of the left ventricular stroke volume index.Conclusion. Current smoking, duration and intensity in middle-aged men is associated with unfavorable changes in indicators of the structure and function of the left ventricle of the heart. Efforts for primary prevention of smoking should begin as early as childhood and continue into adolescence and young adulthood.

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Effect of present versus previous smoking on non-invasive haemodynamics

Cited by 7 publications

References 67 publications

Influence of early life risk factors and lifestyle on systemic vascular resistance in later adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

Influence of early life risk factors and lifestyle on systemic vascular resistance in later adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

Atherogenic index of plasma is related to arterial stiffness but not to blood pressure in normotensive and never-treated hypertensive subjects

Association of smoking with indicators of the structure and function of left ventricle of the heart in middle-aged men

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