Effect of post-injection and alternative fuels on combustion, emissions and soot nanoparticles characteristics in a common-rail direct injection diesel engine

Fayad, Mohammed A.; AL-Salihi, Hind A.; Dhahad, Hayder A.; Mohammed, Farag Mahel; AL-Ogidi, Bashar R.

doi:10.1080/15567036.2021.1970292

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, some experimental studies investigated the use of cerium (IV) oxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles as an additive in diesel–biodiesel fuel mixtures and their impact on the thermal and environmental behavior of the CI diesel engine. Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are reduced by up to 50% with cerium oxide immobilized on amide-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) NCs dispersed in the B20 mixture [ 337 , 338 , 339 , 340 ]. The engine in this mixture also produced lower carbon monoxide (CO) emissions than the base fuel.…”

Section: Discussion and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuels and Nanocatalysts: Python Boosting Visualization of Similarities

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Among the most relevant themes of modernity, using renewable resources to produce biofuels attracts several countries’ attention, constituting a vital part of the global geopolitical chessboard since humanity’s energy needs will grow faster and faster. Fortunately, advances in personal computing associated with free and open-source software production facilitate this work of prospecting and understanding complex scenarios. Thus, for the development of this work, the keywords “biofuel” and “nanocatalyst” were delivered to the Scopus database, which returned 1071 scientific articles. The titles and abstracts of these papers were saved in Research Information Systems (RIS) format and submitted to automatic analysis via the Visualization of Similarities Method implemented in VOSviewer 1.6.18 software. Then, the data extracted from the VOSviewer were processed by software written in Python, which allowed the use of the network data generated by the Visualization of Similarities Method. Thus, it was possible to establish the relationships for the pair between the nodes of all clusters classified by Link Strength Between Items or Terms (LSBI) or by year. Indeed, other associations should arouse particular interest in the readers. However, here, the option was for a numerical criterion. However, all data are freely available, and stakeholders can infer other specific connections directly. Therefore, this innovative approach allowed inferring that the most recent pairs of terms associate the need to produce biofuels from microorganisms’ oils besides cerium oxide nanoparticles to improve the performance of fuel mixtures by reducing the emission of hydrocarbons (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx).

show abstract

Section: Discussion and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuels and Nanocatalysts: Python Boosting Visualization of Similarities

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of oxygen in fuel, possibly suppresses the soot formation process including the soot precursor formation, nucleation, surface growth, and subsequent aggregation. 48 This could be a reason for finding marginally larger size particles in diesel fuel compared to renewable fuel. Surface growth and oxidation rate are factors which may explain such trend.…”

Section: Morphological Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization of soot from a compression ignition engine fueled with diesel and an oxygenated fuel

Sharma

Preuß

Sjöblom

2022

International Journal of Engine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compression ignition (CI) engines are highly efficient and are therefore often the first choice in application of heavy machinery and heavy duty vehicles. However, diesel engines are known to emit soot and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission. Replacing fossil diesel fuel with renewable fuel is one possibility to reduce emissions and to meet legislative requirements. In this experimental work, an oxygenated fuel blend was investigated for soot morphology and results were compared with fossil diesel fuel without oxygenates. Soot was sampled at a medium load case in a light duty single cylinder research engine and samples were analyzed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Furthermore, combustion characteristics and particle number (PN) emissions were compared for both fuels. The primary particle diameter (Dp), fringe length (L), fringe separation (S), and tortuosity (T) were also discussed in terms of soot nanostructure. The particle size distribution (PSD) showed a reduction in PN over for the renewable fuel blend compared to diesel. This PN reduction was from 107 to 106 (one order magnitude lower). The maximum Dp from morphological analysis of diesel fuel and renewable fuel was 69.93 and 66.36 nm respectively. Size range of fringe separation (S) was nearly identical for both fuels. Diesel fuel has marginally higher fringe separation, fringe length, and tortuosity. This investigation is valuable for fuel industries which are continuously upgrading renewable and oxygenated fuels to meet stringent emission norms.

show abstract

“…Thus, the variation in injection timing has a significant effect on NO x emissions, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) due to the changing maximum temperature and pressure inside the engine cylinder . It is reported that the small nanoparticulate has a magnified effect on the environment and human health . Previous work stated that the PM consists of ash, soluble organic fraction (SOF) liquid PM, hydrocarbons, water, and sulfates (SO x ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 16 It is reported that the small nanoparticulate has a magnified effect on the environment and human health. 17 Previous work stated that the PM consists of ash, soluble organic fraction (SOF) liquid PM, hydrocarbons, water, and sulfates (SO x ). The availability of oxygen and high combustion temperatures in the combustion process enhance the reduction of PM formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the Effect of High Sulfur Content in Diesel Fuel on NO_x Emissions and PM Characteristics Using a PPCI Mode Engine and Gasoline–Diesel Blends

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, high sulfur content in diesel fuel is one of the main problems that have an effect on combustion and emission characteristics. Iraq is one of many countries in the world that use diesel fuel with high sulfur content. Therefore, the partially premixed combustion ignition (PPCI) concept and different blend ratios of gasoline–diesel (GD30, GD40, and GD50) were suggested in this study to reduce the sulfur content in the fuel, improve the engine performance, and reduce the exhaust emissions. The combined effect of adding gasoline to the diesel fuel and manipulating the fuel injection timings can lead to better and clean combustion. For the same engine operating conditions, it is found that the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreases during the combustion of GD blends in comparison with diesel fuel. Furthermore, the results of using GD blends showed a small reduction in brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to the conventional diesel fuel. The exhaust gas temperature reduces from the combination effect of PPCI mode and GD blends, which in turn decreases the NO x emission concentration under variable conditions of engine loads and speeds. It is indicated that the NO x emissions significantly decreased during the combustion of GD30, GD40, and GD50 blends by 25.94, 50.9, and 84%, respectively, in comparison with diesel fuel. In addition, higher reduction in CO and HC formation was obtained during the combustion of conventional fuel in comparison with the combustion of GD blends. The results showed that the number and concentration of PM reduced more when using GD blends and PPCI mode. The average particle diameter (d p) decreased from the combustion of GD blends in comparison with diesel fuel. The particle diameter of the GD blend was varied from 25 to 26 nm compared to those of diesel fuel of 35 and 36 nm under the same engine operating conditions. Reducing the sulfur content in GD blends contributed to a clear reduction in SO2 and H2S emissions by 57.85 and 50.12%, respectively.

show abstract

Effect of post-injection and alternative fuels on combustion, emissions and soot nanoparticles characteristics in a common-rail direct injection diesel engine

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Biofuels and Nanocatalysts: Python Boosting Visualization of Similarities

Biofuels and Nanocatalysts: Python Boosting Visualization of Similarities

Morphological characterization of soot from a compression ignition engine fueled with diesel and an oxygenated fuel

Reducing the Effect of High Sulfur Content in Diesel Fuel on NO_x Emissions and PM Characteristics Using a PPCI Mode Engine and Gasoline–Diesel Blends

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of post-injection and alternative fuels on combustion, emissions and soot nanoparticles characteristics in a common-rail direct injection diesel engine

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Biofuels and Nanocatalysts: Python Boosting Visualization of Similarities

Biofuels and Nanocatalysts: Python Boosting Visualization of Similarities

Morphological characterization of soot from a compression ignition engine fueled with diesel and an oxygenated fuel

Reducing the Effect of High Sulfur Content in Diesel Fuel on NOx Emissions and PM Characteristics Using a PPCI Mode Engine and Gasoline–Diesel Blends

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Reducing the Effect of High Sulfur Content in Diesel Fuel on NO_x Emissions and PM Characteristics Using a PPCI Mode Engine and Gasoline–Diesel Blends