Effect of polymerization conditions on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of SnO2/polypyrrole composites for supercapacitor applications
“…Especially, they are preferred over other classes of material due to their abundant availability, multitudinous oxidation states, and auspicious electrochemical performance. [ 8 ]…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Especially, they are preferred over other classes of material due to their abundant availability, multitudinous oxidation states, and auspicious electrochemical performance. [8] For the wide range of the materials being synthesized and fabricated into electrodes, only some are practically employed for the real life applications. The reason for this gap between lab based preparation and practical utilization is the impedance caused due to internal electrical resistance, which is not a desired aspect when it comes to energy storage.…”
This work for the first time develops and employs the novel cerium‐praseodymium‐neodymium oxide co‐doped tin oxide (Ln3+(Ce3+‐Pr3+‐Nd3+):SnO2) system for varied energy applications including electro‐catalytic, super‐capacitive, and photovoltaic conversion potential. The outstanding optical, compositional, crystalline, and morphological aspects of the synthesized material express its effectiveness for energy related micro‐electrochemical applications. Bandgap narrowing due to lanthanide doping and acquiring cassiterite crystalline phase results in the auspicious output. O2 and H2 evolution of the developed electro‐catalyst expresses superior energy production with lower overpotential values of 95 mV for O2 and 131 mV toward H2. Fabricated electrode expresses an impressive charge storage potential with the specific capacitance of 151.62 F g−1. Also, this electrode has an extended service life for 100 min showing its ultra‐durability for commercial applications. Ln3+(Ce3+‐Pr3+‐Nd3+):SnO2 is used as an electron transport layer in the cesium based solar cells with the power conversion efficiency of 12.49%, short circuit current of 19.63 mA cm−1, and open circuit voltage of 1.2 V under artificial sun with negligible hysteresis. Ln3+(Ce3+‐Pr3+‐Nd3+):SnO2 is an effective material with the perfect bandgap tuned exceeding the pristine material for diverse energy applications marked by profound sustainability and economic viability.
“…Especially, they are preferred over other classes of material due to their abundant availability, multitudinous oxidation states, and auspicious electrochemical performance. [ 8 ]…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Especially, they are preferred over other classes of material due to their abundant availability, multitudinous oxidation states, and auspicious electrochemical performance. [8] For the wide range of the materials being synthesized and fabricated into electrodes, only some are practically employed for the real life applications. The reason for this gap between lab based preparation and practical utilization is the impedance caused due to internal electrical resistance, which is not a desired aspect when it comes to energy storage.…”
This work for the first time develops and employs the novel cerium‐praseodymium‐neodymium oxide co‐doped tin oxide (Ln3+(Ce3+‐Pr3+‐Nd3+):SnO2) system for varied energy applications including electro‐catalytic, super‐capacitive, and photovoltaic conversion potential. The outstanding optical, compositional, crystalline, and morphological aspects of the synthesized material express its effectiveness for energy related micro‐electrochemical applications. Bandgap narrowing due to lanthanide doping and acquiring cassiterite crystalline phase results in the auspicious output. O2 and H2 evolution of the developed electro‐catalyst expresses superior energy production with lower overpotential values of 95 mV for O2 and 131 mV toward H2. Fabricated electrode expresses an impressive charge storage potential with the specific capacitance of 151.62 F g−1. Also, this electrode has an extended service life for 100 min showing its ultra‐durability for commercial applications. Ln3+(Ce3+‐Pr3+‐Nd3+):SnO2 is used as an electron transport layer in the cesium based solar cells with the power conversion efficiency of 12.49%, short circuit current of 19.63 mA cm−1, and open circuit voltage of 1.2 V under artificial sun with negligible hysteresis. Ln3+(Ce3+‐Pr3+‐Nd3+):SnO2 is an effective material with the perfect bandgap tuned exceeding the pristine material for diverse energy applications marked by profound sustainability and economic viability.
“…These attractive properties of conducting polymers (CPs) make them useful materials for a wide range of applications, mainly in energy storage [3], electronic and photovoltaic applications [4], electrochromic devices [5], and sensors [6]. Among conducting polymers, polypyrrole (PPy) is an interesting conducting polymer compared to other conjugated polymers such as polyaniline or polythiophene family [7] due to its high charge-carrier mobility, environmental stability, and biocompatibility [8,9]. The PPy is used in several applications such as biosensors, organic electronics, and electro-chromic devices [10].…”
In this study, 3,4-ethylenedioxypyrrole (EDOP) and pyrrole (Py) copolymers were prepared by chemical and electrochemical polymerization methods. The properties of the polymers obtained by both methods were compared. Chemical synthesis of copolymers was carried out with ferric chloride (FeCl3) in the acetonitrile (ACN) environment. The electrochemical synthesis was carried out with lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) electrolyte and suitable oxidation potential range in ACN solution. The properties of polypyrrole (PPy) copolymers were performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and conductivity measurements. Depending on the polymerization method and pyrrole amount in copolymer, thermal stability, conductivity and surface morphology were varied.
“…Recently, to solve the cycling stability problem and improve capacitance of PPy based SCs, nanocomposite-based electrodes have been designed by combining PPy with other materials such as metal oxides and metal sulphides [6][7][8][9][10]. Metal oxides are promising candidates for use as electrode materials in supercapacitors due to their high theoretical specific capacitance, low cost, and low toxicity.…”
In this study, MnS metal sulphide was incorporated into polypyrrole (PPy) matrix, and the fabricated nanocomposites were used for the first time as active electrode in supercapacitor (SC) architecture. MnS was obtained in a short time (15 min) via simple microwave technique, and the nanocomposite was synthesised successfully with electropolymerization of PPy in presence of MnS on nickel foam. Incorporation of MnS changed the growth mechanism of PPy, leading to increase in surface area, electrocatalytic activity and conductivity of the resulted nanocomposites. More importantly, MnS@PPy electrode exhibited a specific capacitance (Cs) of 1102 F/g which is approximately 5.6 times higher than that of the bare PPy (197 F/g). Furthermore, energy density (Ed) of the bare PPy was determined as 4.37 W/kg, by incorporation of MnS into PPy matrix the Ed value increased to 24.5 W/kg. On the other hand, after 1000 charge/discharge cycles, the cycle stability of the bare PPy remained at 72%, while MnS@PPy nanocomposite electrode is 95 %. The reasons for these improvements can be listed as; i) the increase in conductivity of nanocomposite stem from the synergistic effect between MnS and PPy, ii) the enlargement of the active surface area, iii) the increase in the ion diffusion rate, iv) the improvement of charge transfer kinetics and v) the increase in stability against volume change. In the light of the results obtained from this study, it can be said that the MnS@PPy structured nanocomposite is a promising candidate for commercialization of SC applications.
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