Effect of platelet‐rich plasma on migration and proliferation of SaOS‐2 osteoblasts: role of platelet‐derived growth factor and transforming growth factor‐β

Abstract

Platelet-enriched plasma (PRP) is used in therapy as a source of growth factors in bone fracture and wound healing; however, few data exist on its role in the different aspects of the healing process. The effect of PRP and of the two main growth factors present in this preparation (platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF] and transforming growth factor-beta [TGF-beta]) was evaluated in vitro using the human osteoblastic cell line SaOS-2, which was shown by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to express both PDGF-alpha and -beta receptors. Batroxobine-activated PRP was added in different concentrations to SaOS-2 cells to assess cell migration (by a microchemotaxis assay) and cell proliferation (by [3H]-thymidine incorporation into the DNA). Immunoneutralization with anti-PDGF-beta or anti-TGF-beta antibodies allowed the assessment of the specific role of these growth factors. The overall results obtained indicate that PRP dose-dependently stimulates both chemotaxis and cell proliferation. PDGF and TGF-beta appear to exert distinct effects on the two parameters, the former involved in stimulating cell migration and the latter in inhibiting cell proliferation. It is concluded that the different growth factors present in activated PRP can specifically contribute to the main processes of tissue regeneration.

Transplantation of Embryonic Fibroblasts Treated with Platelet-Rich Plasma Induces Osteogenesis in SAMP8 Mice Monitored by Molecular Imaging

“…In the current study, we have verified the ability of NIH3T3-G cells to differentiate into osteoblastlike cells in vitro when incubated in medium enriched with PRP. Supported by previous findings, PRP represents a useful growth factor cocktail containing TGF-b1, TGF-b2, vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and insulinlike growth factor, all of which are naturally released from platelets and are essential in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation including osteoprogenic cells (17,20,21,25). In addition, PDGF and TGF-b in PRP have been shown to stimulate cell migration and inhibit cell proliferation or differentiation, respectively (25).…”

“…Supported by previous findings, PRP represents a useful growth factor cocktail containing TGF-b1, TGF-b2, vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and insulinlike growth factor, all of which are naturally released from platelets and are essential in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation including osteoprogenic cells (17,20,21,25). In addition, PDGF and TGF-b in PRP have been shown to stimulate cell migration and inhibit cell proliferation or differentiation, respectively (25). Osteoblastlike differentiation of PRP-treated NIH3T3-G cells manifested in an increased expression of osteogenic makers, such as BMP2 and osteopontin, at both messenger RNA and protein levels, increased cytoplasmic ALP expression, and increased formation of bone nodules in vitro.…”

Rho kinase inhibitors stimulate the migration of human cultured osteoblastic cells by regulating actomyosin activity

“…Therefore, we designed a new method, as described in the Materials and Methods. During fracture healing, PDGF has been shown to stimulate Saos-2 cell migration [24]. Many other growth factors are also involved in the process [25].…”

Effect of PRP and PPP on proliferation and migration of human chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro

“…Numerous in vitro studies have demonstrated a mitogenic effect of PRP on various cell types, such as human trabecularbone-derived cells [38], human osteoblasts [39], human oral fibroblasts and osteoblasts [14] and human foreskin fibroblasts [40]. There are also several reports of mitogenic stimulation of human MSC by platelet releasates [41].…”