Effect of plastic deformation on the precipitation reaction in 2024 alloys

Guía-Tello, J.C.; Garay-Reyes, C.G.; Ruiz-Esparza-Rodríguez, M.A.; García-Hernández, Lilia J.; Santillán, J. Aguilar; Estrada‐Guel, I.; Martı́nez-Sánchez, R.

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.124927

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In order to quantify the effect of the La-rich phase on the precipitation of the Ni 2 Si phase, DSC tests were used to calculate the activation energy of the precipitation reaction [50,51]. Figure 10 shows the DSC test curve, combined with theoretical Equation (2) [52,53] to calculate the activation energy with different La content (Figure 10c).…”

Section: Effects Of La Element On Formation Kinetics and Distribution...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of La Addition on Microstructure Evolution and Thermal Stability of Cu-2.35Ni-0.59Si Sheet

et al. 2023

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A Cu-2.35Ni-0.69Si alloy with low La content was designed in order to study the role of La addition on microstructure evolution and comprehensive properties. The results indicate that the La element demonstrates a superior ability to combine with Ni and Si elements, via the formation of La-rich primary phases. Owing to existing La-rich primary phases, restricted grain growth was observed, due to the pinning effect during solid solution treatment. It was found that the activation energy of the Ni2Si phase precipitation decreased with the addition of La. Interestingly, the aggregation and distribution of the Ni2Si phase, around the La-rich phase, was observed during the aging process, owing to the attraction of Ni and Si atoms by the La-rich phase during the solid solution. Moreover, the mechanical and conductivity properties of aged alloy sheets suggest that the addition of the La element showed a slight reducing effect on the hardness and electrical conductivity. The decrease in hardness was due to the weakened dispersion and strengthening effect of the Ni2Si phase, while the decrease in electrical conductivity was due to the enhanced scattering of electrons by grain boundaries, caused by grain refinement. More notably, excellent thermal stabilities, including better softening resistance ability and microstructural stability, were detected for the low-La-alloyed Cu-Ni-Si sheet, owing to the delayed recrystallization and restricted grain growth caused by the La-rich phases.

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Section: Effects Of La Element On Formation Kinetics and Distribution...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of La Addition on Microstructure Evolution and Thermal Stability of Cu-2.35Ni-0.59Si Sheet

et al. 2023

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“…Although first postulate of Kolmogorov assumes a complete transformation of the system, this restriction is generally overseen after normalizing the transformed fraction to 1 at the end of the considered process by dividing the actual transformed fraction

x (t)

by the final one,

X = x (t) / x^{end}

. In fact, KJMA analysis was widely applied to primary crystallization, [ 44–51 ] precipitation, [ 52–58 ] eutectoid, [ 59,60 ] and quasicrystals formation [ 61 ] using this normalization. This yields an extra source of error in the data, as the final transformed fraction must be measured.…”

Section: Effects Of Indetermination Of Experimental Data In Kjma Anal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Different Models Derived from Classical Kolmogorov, Johnson and Mehl, and Avrami (KJMA) Theory to Recover Physical Meaning in Solid‐State Transformations

Blázquez

Romero

Conde

et al. 2022

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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The classical theory of solid‐state transformation based on nucleation and growth processes, developed by Kolmogorov, Johnson and Mehl, and Avrami (KJMA theory), is widely used in many different fields of research. In KJMA theory, two parameters (the frequency factor and, particularly, the Avrami exponent) can supply information about the mechanisms involved in the transformation. Despite its apparent simplicity, on the one hand, the results derived from this theory can be strongly affected by the indetermination of experimental data (e.g., onset of the transformation). On the other hand, KJMA theory is developed for isothermal polymorphic transformations in which randomly distributed nuclei grow in convex shapes. However, several procedures have extended KJMA theory to nonisothermal regimes and to many different processes deviating from those premises. Herein, the requirements of KJMA theory and the expected deviations for these approximations are briefly discussed. In addition, some strategies are proposed for recovering physical meaning from the effective parameters deduced in several transformations including nanocrystallization and martensitic transformations for which results can be interpreted under the approximation of instantaneous growth.

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“…The impact of deformation on the phases' precipitation was investigated by Guía-Tello et al [5]. Also, Lin et al confirmed that external stress accelerated the age hardening in 2024-T3 alloy by easily growing up precipitates of the S phase [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…aluminum-based alloys with 3 to 4.5 % of copper, 0.4 to 10 % of magnesium, up to 0.7 % of manganese, 0.3 to 0.6 % of silicon, and 0.4 to 1.0 % of iron [3]. Nowadays, according to the International Alloy Designation System (IADS) developed by the Aluminum Association, these alloys belong to the 2xxx series of aluminum alloys (numerical designation with 4 numbers) [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alloys from the 2xxx series have a good combination of different required properties: high mecha-*Corresponding author: e-mail address: dmanasijevic@tfbor.bg.ac.rs nical properties as well as strength-to-weight ratio, good formability, machinability, fatigue, and acceptable damage tolerance [5][6][7][8]. Their good mechanical properties can be achieved using thermal or thermomechanical treatments, which include precipitation hardening (aging).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of thermal properties of the aluminium EN AW 2024-T3 alloy

Manasijević,

Balanović,

Tadić

et al. 2024

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The thermal properties of the aluminum EN AW-2024 alloy (duralumin) delivered in the T3 condition (solution annealed, quenched, cold-deformed, and naturally aged) were experimentally investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and light flash apparatus (LFA) for thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity evaluation. The microstructure of the alloy in the initial state and after heating to 400 • C was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The presence of an exothermic thermal effect in the temperature range from 230 to 283 • C during the first heating of the examined sample was determined by the results of DTA/DSC analysis. The thermal diffusivity of the investigated alloy was measured in the temperature range from 25 to 400 • C using three heating runs. During the first heating, the thermal diffusivity of the investigated alloy increased with an increase in temperature up to approximately 300 • C, after which it decreased. During the second and third heating, it was observed that the measured thermal diffusivity values at temperatures lower than 300 • C were significantly higher than during the first heating, and the thermal diffusivity gradually decreased with increasing temperature in the entire investigated temperature range. Experimentally determined thermal diffusivity and density, as well as calculated specific heat capacity data, were used to determine the thermal conductivity of the studied alloy in the temperature interval from 25 to 400 • C. The obtained results indicate that initial heating to a temperature above 300 • C causes a significant increase in the values of the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the investigated 2024-T3 alloy.

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Effect of plastic deformation on the precipitation reaction in 2024 alloys

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of La Addition on Microstructure Evolution and Thermal Stability of Cu-2.35Ni-0.59Si Sheet

Effects of La Addition on Microstructure Evolution and Thermal Stability of Cu-2.35Ni-0.59Si Sheet

A Review of Different Models Derived from Classical Kolmogorov, Johnson and Mehl, and Avrami (KJMA) Theory to Recover Physical Meaning in Solid‐State Transformations

Study of thermal properties of the aluminium EN AW 2024-T3 alloy

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