Effect of Plants Containing Secondary Compounds with Palm Oil on Feed Intake, Digestibility, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Microbial Population in Dairy Cows

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of rain tree pod meal with palm oil supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and microbial populations in dairy cows. Four, multiparous early-lactation Holstein-Friesian crossbred (75%) lactating dairy cows with an initial body weight (BW) of 405±40 kg and 36±8 DIM were randomly assigned to receive dietary treatments according to a 4×4 Latin square design. The four dietary treatments were un-supplementation (control), supplementation with rain tree pod meal (RPM) at 60 g/kg, supplementation with palm oil (PO) at 20 g/kg, and supplementation with RPM at 60 g/kg and PO at 20 g/kg (RPO), of total dry matter intake. The cows were offered concentrates, at a ratio of concentrate to milk production of 1:2, and chopped 30 g/kg of urea treated rice straw was fed ad libitum. The RPM contained condensed tannins and crude saponins at 88 and 141 g/kg of DM, respectively. It was found that supplementation with RPM and/or PO to dairy cows diets did not show negative effects on feed intake and ruminal pH and BUN at any times of sampling (p>0.05). However, RPM supplementation resulted in lower crude protein digestibility, NH3-N concentration and number of proteolytic bacteria. It resulted in greater allantoin absorption and microbial crude protein (p<0.05). In addition, dairy cows showed a higher efficiency of microbial N supply (EMNS) in both RPM and RPO treatments. Moreover, NDF digestibility and cellulolytic bacteria numbers were highest in RPO supplementation (p<0.05) while, supplementation with RPM and/or PO decreased the protozoa population in dairy cows. Based on this study, supplementation with RPM and/or PO in diets could improve fiber digestibility, microbial protein synthesis in terms of quantity and efficiency and microbial populations in dairy cows.

Effect of soybean meal replacement by slow-release urea on ruminal parameter, blood metabolites, and microbial protein synthesis in Zel ram

“…Treatments with SRU had significant effect on 'control' treatment. The ruminal NH 3 -N concentrations range from 14.84 to 23.74 mg dL -1 and were close to the optimal ruminal NH 3 -N range (15 to 30 mg dL -1 ) (Anantasook, Wanapat, Cherdthong, & Gunun, 2013). The NH 3 -N was absorbed across the rumen wall into the blood as ammonium.…”

Bovine mastitis: risk factors, therapeutic strategies, and alternative treatments — A review

“…Furthermore, the increasing concern of antibiotic resistance in public health issues is pushing the milk industries to reduce the usage of antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, seeking for alternative to antibiotic therapy, especially those derived from natural products such as plant and animal, is required [79][80][81].…”

Effect of tannins and saponins in Samanea saman on rumen environment, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows

“…However, manipulation of ruminal fermentation and animal production by palm oil (PO) and/or plant secondary compound is still limited. Our previous study (Anantasook et al., ) illustrated that supplementation with RPM and/or PO in diets could improve fibre digestibility and microbial protein synthesis, reduce methane production and alter microbial populations. The aim of the present study was to rumen fermentation, milk production and milk composition in lactating dairy cows fed on rice straw as influenced by supplementation with RPM and PO.…”