Effect of Photon Flux Density and Exogenous Sucrose on the Photosynthetic Performance during &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;In Vitro&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Culture of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Castanea sativa&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Sáez, Patricia L.; Bravo, León A.; Sánchez‐Olate, Manuel; Bravo, Paulina B.; Ríos, Darcy

doi:10.4236/ajps.2016.714187

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Our study demonstrates the feasibility of propagating chestnut by TIS and CIS with the sugar supplementation reduced to one-sixth of the normal 3% used for this species. These results differ from those reported by Sáez et al [ 35 ], who concluded that to increase PPF from 50 to 150 µmol photons m −2 s −1 did not increase photosynthesis enough to sustain chestnut growth when sucrose was reduced from 3 to 0.5%. These authors cultured chestnut shoots in tubes with a semisolid medium and without forced ventilation, and in these conditions shoot growth is frequently sucrose-dependent, as shown for kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa ) [ 36 ], Arabidopsis [ 37 ], Pfaffia glomerata [ 38 ] and Vernonia condensata [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sucrose on Growth and Stress Status of Castanea sativa x C. crenata Shoots Cultured in Liquid Medium

Gago

Bernal

Sánchez

et al. 2022

Plants

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Current breeding programs aim to increase the number of ink-tolerant chestnut trees using vegetative propagation of selected genotypes. However, the commercial vegetative propagation of chestnut species is still a bottleneck for the forest industry, mainly due to problems in the rooting and acclimation of propagules. This study aimed to explore the potential benefits of decreasing sucrose supplementation during chestnut micropropagation. Explants were cultured with high light intensity and CO2-enriched air in temporary or continuous immersion bioreactors and with different sucrose supplementation to evaluate the impact of these treatments on growth, rooting and physiological status (monosaccharide content, soluble phenolics and antioxidant activity). The proliferation and rooting performance of shoots cultured by continuous immersion decreased sharply with sucrose concentrations lower than 1%, whereas shoots cultured by temporary immersion grew and rooted successfully with 0.5% sucrose. These results suggest this system is appropriate to culture chestnut with low sucrose concentration and to explore photoautotrophic propagation of this species.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sucrose on Growth and Stress Status of Castanea sativa x C. crenata Shoots Cultured in Liquid Medium

Gago

Bernal

Sánchez

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…In Castanea sativa , Sáez et al [ 227 ] highlighted a correlation between light intensity and the addition of sugar to the growth medium. They demonstrated that HI (150 µmol m −2 s −1 ) and high sugar amounts (30 g L −1 ) produced an increase in photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content and determined a higher proliferation rate and biomass production.…”

Section: Effects Of Light Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Proliferation

Cavallaro

Pellegrino

Muleo

et al. 2022

Plants

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Plant tissue cultures depend entirely upon artificial light sources for illumination. The illumination should provide light in the appropriate regions of the electromagnetic spectrum for photomorphogenic responses and photosynthetic metabolism. Controlling light quality, irradiances and photoperiod enables the production of plants with desired characteristics. Moreover, significant money savings may be achieved using both more appropriate and less consuming energy lamps. In this review, the attention will be focused on the effects of light characteristics and plant growth regulators on shoot proliferation, the main process in in vitro propagation. The effects of the light spectrum on the balance of endogenous growth regulators will also be presented. For each light spectrum, the effects on proliferation but also on plantlet quality, i.e., shoot length, fresh and dry weight and photosynthesis, have been also analyzed. Even if a huge amount of literature is available on the effects of light on in vitro proliferation, the results are often conflicting. In fact, a lot of exogenous and endogenous factors, but also the lack of a common protocol, make it difficult to choose the most effective light spectrum for each of the large number of species. However, some general issues derived from the analysis of the literature are discussed.

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“…Several authors report that high sucrose concentrations in the medium are deleterious for photosynthetic activity [5,26]. However, sucrose has also been reported to stimulate photosynthesis in in vitro plantlets [27,28]. ROS formation can also be stimulated [29] or decreased [30] by sugar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low CO2 Levels Are Detrimental for In Vitro Plantlets through Disturbance of Photosynthetic Functionality and Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species

2022

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Photosynthesis of plantlets in tissue culture containers is not considered important, compared to photosynthesis of ex vitro plants, due to the exogenous source of carbohydrates present in tissue culture media. However, CO2 starvation can generate a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We examined this phenomenon in tissue culture, since CO2 levels may become very low during the light period. The research was carried out with lily scales, regenerating adventitious bulblets, and with Arabidopsis seedlings. CO2 starvation was achieved by placing a small vial of concentrated KOH solution in the culture container. CO2 removal reduced the growth of regenerated lily bulblets by 33% or 23%, with or without sucrose in the medium, respectively. In Arabidopsis seedlings, CO2 removal decreased growth by 50% or 78% in the presence or absence of sucrose in the medium, respectively. Therefore, the addition of sucrose as a replacement for photosynthesis resulted in only partial recovery of growth. Staining with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) showed little to no ROS in ex vitro growing seedlings, while abundant ROS were detected in seedlings grown under in vitro CO2 starvation. Seedlings grown under normal tissue culture conditions (no CO2 withdrawal) showed low levels of ROS. In lily tissue culture, CO2 starvation decreased the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) from 0.69 to 0.60, and in Arabidopsis from 0.76 to 0.62. Fv/Fm of ex vitro lily and Arabidopsis seedlings was 0.77 and 0.79, respectively. This is indicative of a disturbance in photosynthesis functionality and the occurrence of in vitro stress under reduced CO2 concentrations. We conclude that poor growth, in the absence of CO2, was partly due to strongly reduced photosynthesis, while the detrimental effects were most likely due to a burst of ROS.

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Effect of Photon Flux Density and Exogenous Sucrose on the Photosynthetic Performance during <i>In Vitro</i> Culture of <i>Castanea sativa</i>

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of Sucrose on Growth and Stress Status of Castanea sativa x C. crenata Shoots Cultured in Liquid Medium

Effect of Sucrose on Growth and Stress Status of Castanea sativa x C. crenata Shoots Cultured in Liquid Medium

Light and Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Proliferation

Low CO2 Levels Are Detrimental for In Vitro Plantlets through Disturbance of Photosynthetic Functionality and Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species

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