Effect of phosphoric acid on the properties of magnesium oxychloride cement as a biomaterial

Tan, Yan; Liu, Yong; Grover, Liam M.

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.11.001

Cited by 142 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These images demonstrated a significant difference in morphology from the centre to the periphery of the cement material. These findings corroborate the findings of our previous work, which has demonstrated that the compositions in the centre (phase 5) and outside of the material (Mg(OH) 2 , Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·8H 2 O and Mg 3 (PO4) 2 ·10H 2 O) are distinct . The Eq.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…(a,b)]. The outer surface of the material was subsequently removed from a cement sample (500 m M H 3 PO 4 ), a previous study reported that the outer surface of the cement consisted of a mixture of brucite (Mg(OH) 2 , PDF‐74‐2220), bobierrite (Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·8H 2 O, PDF‐35‐0330) and magnesium phosphate hydrate (Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·10H 2 O, PDF‐84–1147) . The inner core of the material in was reported to contain a small amount of brucite, but in the most part remained as magnesium chloride hydroxide hydrate …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cement formulations that were used in this study all contained phase 5 with small quantities of residual MgO (Fig. ) . Although the phosphate was incorporated into most of the cement formulations examined here, there were no detectable crystalline phosphate phases within the material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis andin vitrodegradation of a novel magnesium oxychloride cement

Tan

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2014

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) has been used in civil engineering as it exhibits a relatively high early strength and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Its poor water resistance, although, has prevented its widespread use. Steady degradation when immersed in an aqueous environment, however, could be a beneficial property for a resorbable bone replacement. In this study, we have evaluated how different concentrations of phosphoric acid may be used to enhance water resistance providing some control over the rate of degradation. The phase compositions, microstructures, mechanical properties, and the degradation of MOC have been evaluated. As a preliminary assessment of biological suitability, the response of a population of bone marrow stromal cells to the surface was evaluated. X-ray diffraction data demonstrate that 5Mg(OH)₂ ·MgCl₂·8H₂O (phase 5) was formed in all MOC samples. The MOC modified with H₃PO₄ exhibits good water resistance and can sustain strength in aqueous medium and by adjusting H₃ PO₄ concentration; degradation speed may be controlled. Cells cultured on the surface of the MOC attached and retained viability over the duration of the study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Synthesis andin vitrodegradation of a novel magnesium oxychloride cement

Tan

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2014

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

Self Cite

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“…As a potential building material, MOC exhibits comparatively high flexural strength (≥4 MPa), high compressive strength (≥69 MPa), and high elastic modulus (70–85 GPa) . The strength development of MOC is mainly affected by the formed hydration products and microstructure of MOC.…”

Section: Strength Development Of Mocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent development in magnesium oxychloride cement

Guo

Zhang

Soe³

et al. 2018

Structural Concrete

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This paper presents a review for the key literatures on magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) to establish a comprehensive and insightful understanding of MOC. The main aim of this review is to identify the most common problems in the development and application of the MOC and the various methods to solve these problems. The characteristics of MOC including composition of hydration phases, strength development, and durability are reviewed. In particular, the various factors influencing the water resistance of MOC, the most critical characteristics of MOC, such as the reactivity of magnesium oxide, additives, and curing conditions are reviewed. Finally, the methods to improve water resistance and its related issues of MOC from the literature are summarized and future research is proposed.

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“…Tsang improved on Deng's stability assessment by performing quantitative X‐ray diffraction (Q‐XRD) and showing the amount of MOC remaining after the water stability test correlated directly with strength retention. Grover et al developed alternative methods directed towards biomedical applications where cylindrical MOC samples (6 mm diameter and 12 mm height) were immersed in phosphate buffer solution at 37°C over 120 days. Weight loss and crystalline phase changes were used to monitor phase degradation in the samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphoric acid‐modified magnesium oxychloride: Study of water stability, kinetics, and pair distribution function

Góchez

Chapman

Wambaugh³

et al. 2018

J Am Ceram Soc

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Magnesium oxychloride (MOC) excels in performance applications due to inherent structural strength, fire retardant properties, and numerous other attributes. To avoid the slow degradation of MOC when exposed to water, phosphoric acid is usually added, effectively increasing retention of structural properties (water stability). While this is an effective method, it is poorly understood. Additions of 2.5 wt.% and above had positive impacts on the water stability, preserving ~50 wt.% crystalline MOC after water stability tests. Phosphoric acid addition also impacted the reaction kinetics, increasing the activation energy of curing from 72.2 to 87.6‐95.2 kJ/mol. Using synchrotron X‐ray scattering and pair distribution function analysis, we identified an unreported amorphous phase formed when phosphoric acid is added; this phase contains structural motifs related to MgHPO4·3H2O (newberyte), Mg2P2O7·3.5H2O (magnesium pyrophosphate), and amorphous MOC phase. The short‐range order of the samples show a prominent peak at ~3.2 Å that grows with increasing acid addition, believed to be a combination of newberyte (~3.4 Å Mg–P), pyrophosphate (~3.25 Å Mg–P), and MOC (~3.15 Å Mg–Mg). We propose that the increased water stability observed is due to this combined amorphous phase, which retains the low water solubility properties of MgHPO4·3H2O and Mg2P2O7·3.5H2O, effectively protecting the MOC crystalline phase.

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Effect of phosphoric acid on the properties of magnesium oxychloride cement as a biomaterial

Cited by 142 publications

References 16 publications

Synthesis andin vitrodegradation of a novel magnesium oxychloride cement

Synthesis andin vitrodegradation of a novel magnesium oxychloride cement

Recent development in magnesium oxychloride cement

Phosphoric acid‐modified magnesium oxychloride: Study of water stability, kinetics, and pair distribution function

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