Effect of phenolic and chlorine disinfectants on hepatitis C virus binding and infectivity

Surrogate viruses for testing virucidal efficacy of chemical disinfectants

“…14 Phenolics and a chlorine-based compound were active, indicating that this enveloped virus is not unduly resistant. 15 Additionally, a RT-PCR was described for testing antiseptic/disinfectant 16 In these experiments, the importance of adding detergent to a sodium hypochlorite solution was demonstrated. Despite these efforts, the narrow host range and the lack of suitable cell culture systems for HCV have encouraged the use of surrogate viruses.…”

Preventing the spread of hepatitis B and C viruses: Where are germicides relevant?

“…86 Because molecular or immunologic methods can be used to detect the virus in infected cells, this opens the door for testing of germicides against it directly. 87 As would be expected, the enveloped nature of HCV makes it relatively susceptible to inactivation by phenolics and a chlorine-based compound. 87…”

“…Sehulster et al 53 showed that exposure of Dane particles of HBV to sodium hypochlorite (5600 ppm) disrupted them and also inactivated their polymerase activity. Agolini et al 87 have shown chlorine (2500 ppm) could reduce the binding of HCV to host cells and that a contact time of at least 10 minutes was required to achieve a 91.7% reduction in cell binding and infection. This observation needs confirmation.…”

“…Agolini et al 87 have also determined that subjecting HCV to a phenolic for 5 minutes effectively eliminated the ability of the virus to attach to Vero cells.…”

Qualitative accounts of needle and syringe cleaning techniques among people who inject drugs in Sydney, Australia

“…The guidelines specify the use of full‐strength (undiluted) 5.25% sodium hypochlorite household bleach for effective decontamination [15–17]. Recommended contact time between bleach and the needle/syringe is at least 30 s to deactivate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [18–20] and 10 min to deactivate HCV [21–23]. However, the efficacy of bleach in deactivating HCV remains unclear, with some in vivo studies finding that bleach effectively deactivated HCV after 10 min contact time [23] while others have been inconclusive [24–27].…”