Effect of phenol concentrations on the condensation reaction during the liquefaction of waste woody materials with phenol

Wang, Qingyue; Mitsumura, N.; Chen, Q.; Apar, P.; Qian, Qihui; Gui, Liu-Cheng; Niida, H.; Kurokawa, Haruhisa; Sekiguchi, K.; Sugiyama, K.

doi:10.2495/wm120321

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Liquefaction is one of the technologies for producing resin, which has traditionally been produced from petroleum, but with the advantage of saving petroleum resources; therefore, a higher rate of biomass is preferred. The effect of condensation is known to impede a higher rate of biomass in liquefied wood [6]- [8]. Pre-treatment is used to inhibit condensation [9]- [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decayed Woody Material From Mushroom Cultivation: Characterization of Liquefaction

Wang

Kawamura

2018

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decayed woody material from mushroom cultivation is one of the most important waste materials in Japan, as almost 300 tonnes are released each year. It is nearly impossible to reuse these resources, because of the damage to its original form and deterioration of its strength. These decayed woody materials could be used to create a valid chemical product from the main components' decomposition: this could reduce waste material and its environmental impact, especially in developing countries. This article focuses on the liquefied portion of decayed woody materials that is released from mushroom cultivation. By analysis of the products from major woody holocellulose (i.e. cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin, we found the same ratios of weight loss in decayed woody samples, compared with the original woody samples. All the main components of the decayed wood were partially degraded. The crystallinities within woody samples were decreased with sufficient long-term decay. After these decayed woody samples were liquefied and compared with the original samples, we conducted liquefaction tests using ethylene glycol, glycerine, and the catalyst sulfuric acid. The ratios of residue during liquefaction showed that the liquefied characteristics of decayed woody material released from mushroom cultivation were equal to or less than that of the original wood. In addition, the results as determined by a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the liquefied ratios of decayed woody samples could be equal to or higher than those original woody samples without decay.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decayed Woody Material From Mushroom Cultivation: Characterization of Liquefaction

Wang

Kawamura

2018

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This reaction has an adverse effect on the synthesis of phenolic resin. In our previous studies, the effects of various reaction conditions on condensation were investigated [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression method of the condensation reaction during phenol liquefaction of woody material

Wang¹,

Mitsumura²,

Chen³

et al. 2013

Energy and Sustainability IV

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The liquefaction of woody materials in the presence of phenol and acid catalyst is a promising method to utilize the waste woody materials into phenolic resin. However, the condensation reaction is a major problem for its practical applications. In order to suppress condensation reactions, methanol was added to the liquefaction medium. Even the intense condensation reactions were suppressed by the addition of 50% methanol (mol% to phenol). The effect of methanol was further confirmed by the measurement of molecular weight distribution. In the case of mild condensation, addition of 5% methanol suppressed the production of the residues. At the same time, the liquefaction rates overall were faster than the case without methanol. It was inferred that the existence of methanol lowered the amount of combined phenol which could be the reaction site of the condensation reaction. On the other hand, larger amounts of methanol (100%) retarded the liquefaction rate and the consumption rate of phenol. The actual reaction temperature in the reactor was lower than the setup temperature of the oil bath when the methanol was added. The investigation of the IR spectra showed that there were almost no differences between the functional groups of the liquefied products obtained with and without methanol. The addition of small amounts of methanol could be applicable because the disadvantages of methanol addition could be reduced.

show abstract

“…One of the merits of liquefaction is saving oil resources; therefore, a higher rate of biomass is preferred. One of the reasons for this is the effect of condensation [7]- [9]; pre-treatment is used to inhibit it [10]- [12]. In this way, liquefaction is the decomposition of the main component using a solvent and catalyst, and decay is much the same process, but by wood-rot fungus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Study on the Decayed Behavior of Waste Woody Samples Caused by Three White-Rot Fungi

Wang¹,

Takahashi²,

Kawamura³

et al. 2017

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, we investigated the decayed behavior of waste woody samples caused by three kinds of white-rot fungi known as Coriolus consors, Coriolus hirsutus and Ischnoderma resinosum, which were selected to prepare and develop the decayed woody samples from original woody biomasses. After 8 weeks of decaying, the weights of all decayed woody samples had decreased. From the results of analysis of the major woody holocellulose and lignin, the same ratios of weight decrement in all decayed woody samples were found when compared with their original woody sample. It seemed that these components had degraded simultaneously. The crystallinities of woody samples had increased even though woody samples were decayed. It was thought that the amorphous parts of cellulose and hemicellulose were decomposed preferentially. We tried to use these decayed woody samples as samples for the liquefaction experiment. It is observed that the decayed woody samples may be liquefied to be the same as their original woody samples basing on the molecular weight distribution, chemical structure and other chemical parameters of the liquefied contents.

show abstract

Effect of phenol concentrations on the condensation reaction during the liquefaction of waste woody materials with phenol

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Decayed Woody Material From Mushroom Cultivation: Characterization of Liquefaction

Decayed Woody Material From Mushroom Cultivation: Characterization of Liquefaction

Suppression method of the condensation reaction during phenol liquefaction of woody material

Basic Study on the Decayed Behavior of Waste Woody Samples Caused by Three White-Rot Fungi

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About