Effect of periodontitis on the development of osteoporosis: results from a nationwide population-based cohort study (2003–2013)

Abstract

BackgroundThe prevalence of osteoporosis associated with the aging process is anticipated to increase along with the rising aging population. Periodontitis that the most common chronic infections of humankind is considered the risk factor for osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to identify the association between osteoporosis and periodontitis using a population-based cohort.MethodsThe case group was defined as patients diagnosed with periodontitis and treated with subgingival curettage, root conditioning, periodontal flap operation, bone grafting for alveolar bone defects, and guided tissue regeneration. Case and control groups matched for gender, age, household income, type of social security, disability, and residential area were generated. A Cox proportional hazard model was constructed to examine the difference in the development of osteoporosis between the case and control groups. The final sample included 13,464 participants.ResultsThe incidence of osteoporosis was 1.1% in males and 15.8% in females during a 10-year period. The risk factors for osteoporosis in males were increasing age and Charlson Comorbidity Index score. Periodontitis was not associated with the development of osteoporosis in males. The risk factors for osteoporosis in females were increasing age, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, diabetes, and periodontitis. Women with periodontitis were more likely to also develop osteoporosis (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01–1.48).ConclusionsPeriodontitis has an effect on the development of osteoporosis in females. Managing good teeth is required for the prevention and delay of osteoporosis. This includes dental examinations, regular cleanings and gum treatment.

Could treating periodontitis prevent osteoporosis? An update of the last decade

“…This revolutionary project compiled various data from 13464 participants, who were divided into two groups, a test group consisting of periodontal patients who received the whole range of periodontal treatment and a control group matched for sex, age, income, disabilities etc. The results confirmed that periodontal patients are more likely to develop osteoporosis, with females older than 50 years old presenting an even higher risk 50 . Moreover postmenopausal women diagnosed with chronic periodontitis exhibited reduced cortical bone in mandibula, as examined through digital panoramic radiographs, a finding that supports their tendency to develop osteoporosis 51 .…”

Immunohistochemical evaluation of changes in periodontal tissues in experimental animals with bone skeleton osteoporosis

“…Хронический генерализованный пародонтит (ХГП) все чаще встречается у пациентов молодого возраста, что определяет его как социально значимую медицинскую проблему [1,2]. Хронический генерализованный пародонтит всегда протекает с убылью костной ткани, усугубляясь системным остеопорозом различной этиологии (гормональные нарушения, пре-, постменопаузный период, болезни обмена веществ) [3][4][5]. Современные взгляды на развитие воспалительно-деструктивных форм пародонтита дополняются исследованиями об изменениях в клеточном и гуморальном звеньях иммунитета тканей пародонта [6,7].…”

“…СD3+ клетки в пародонте контрольных животныхлокализовались в базальном и центральном отделе шиповатого слоя, в количестве 2-5 на 100 эпители-оцитов (рис. [2][3]. При остеопорозе отмечено значительное увеличение количества СD3+ клеток -до 15-20 на 100 эпителиоцитов (рис.…”

“…При остеопорозе отмечено значительное увеличение количества СD3+ клеток -до 15-20 на 100 эпителиоцитов (рис. [2][3][4].…”

“…В слизистой оболочке контрольной группы животных с пародонтитом обнаружено от 5 до 9 СD4+ клеток, локализованных в основном в базальном и толще шиповатого слоя (рис. [2][3][4][5]. В пределах эпителия слизистой оболочки при остеопорозе количество СD4+ клеток увеличивалось до 12-16 (на 100 эпителиоцитов).…”