Effect of Periodontal Dressings on Human Gingival Fibroblasts In vitro

Abstract

In vitro cytotoxicity studies of periodontal dressings have not generally produced a result consistent with in vivo observations. These prior in vitro studies have not used human intraoral cell lines. We tested the effects of two eugenol containing and two non-eugenol periodontal dressings on cultured human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) (ATCC #1292). Replicate HGF cultures grown in microtiter plates were exposed to stock, 1:4 and 1:16 dilutions of extracts made from each of the four periodontal dressings. The HGF cultures were pulse labelled with tritiated thymidine (3HTdR) after 24, 48, and 72 hours. Incorporations of the labelled thymidine were measured using liquid scintillation counting and expressed as counts per minute. The results showed that undiluted extracts from all four periodontal dressings totally inhibited 3HTdR uptake (P less than 0.05). The 1:4 dilution of eugenol dressings inhibited 3HTdR uptake significantly more than non-eugenol dressings (P less than 0.05). Interestingly, at 72 hours the 1:16 dilution of the non-eugenol dressings caused significantly increased 3HTdR uptake which was not observed with the eugenol dressings. The present results suggest that the use of a human fibroblastic cell line for testing the effects of periodontal dressings may provide information about the relative biological effects of these dressings. Using this cell line, we have found that eugenol dressings inhibit fibroblast proliferation to a greater extent than non-eugenol dressings.

In Vitro Comparison of Biological Effects of Coe-Pak and Reso-Pac Periodontal Dressings

“…Evaluation of the effects of periodontal dressings on gingival healing is an interesting topic of research for periodontists. Evidence shows that eugenol-containing dressings delay the process of healing [22], cause allergic reactions [11] and prevent fibroblast proliferation [7]. Several in vivo and in vitro studies [12,23-28,30] have investigated the cytotoxicity of periodontal dressings.…”

“…Several human and animal cell lines have been used for the assessment of the cytotoxic effects of periodontal dressings [7-9]. Eugenol-containing products can cause tissue inflammation, necrosis and allergic reactions and can subsequently delay the process of healing [10-13].…”

Effects of periodontal dressings on fibroblasts and gingival wound healing in dogs

“…It was found that eugenol-containing dressings showed delayed healing (Kozan and Mantell, 1978), more allergic reactions (Barkin et al, 1984) and more inhibition of fibroblast proliferation (Eber et al, 1989) compared to non-eugenol containing dressings. In the present study the cytotoxic effects of four different non-eugenol periodontal dressings and a viscous tincture on V-79 fibroblast cell culture were studied.…”

“…The use of different animal and human cell culture in vitro models for testing the cytotoxic effects of periodontal dressings may give information about biological effects in vivo (Eber et al, 1989). Several primary cell cultures and established cell lines showed different response to various periodontal dressings (Alpar et al, 1999).…”

“…Mouse fibroblasts (L 929, 3T3 cells), Hela cells, human epithelial cells, human gingival fibroblasts and leukocytes have been used (Hildebrand and De Rensis, 1974;Rivera-Hidalgo et al, 1977;Haugen and Hensten-Pettersen, 1978;Gilbert et al, 1994;Alpar et al, 1999). Soluble material leached from some formed dressings has been found toxic to cells in culture (Hildebrand and De Rensis, 1974;Rivera-Hidalgo et al, 1977) and dilution of soluble extracts from periodontal dressings decreased this toxic effect (Eber et al, 1989;Alpar et al, 1999). However, caution must be expressed in extrapolating such data from the in vitro environment to the in vivo situation.…”