Effect of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on Fasting Blood Glucose and HbA1c in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Rats

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders with micro and macrovascular complications which are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Peanut due to its anti-oxidant property can reduce blood glucose level and may reduce the risk of diabetes. Objective: To observe the anti-diabetic effects of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in alloxaninduced diabetic male rats. Method: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka in 2013. For this purpose, 15 wistar albino male rats, aged 90-120 days, weighing 160-200 g (initial body weight) were included in the experimental group (DG-A-P). Age and weight matched 20 wistar albino rats without peanut supplementation was taken as control and divided into (BC and DC-A) . All groups of animals received basal diet for 21 consecutive days. In addition to basal diet, animals of DC-A received alloxan intraperitoneally only on the first day of the study. Moreover, animals of DG-A-P also received peanut extract for 21 consecutive days. After 16 hours of fasting blood samples were collected from tail vein of all rats on day-1 and day- 3. After taking final body weight all the rats were sacrificed on 22nd day. Their pancreas was removed and weighed. To observe glycemic control serum blood glucose and blood HbA1c levels were measured by usual laboratory technique. ANOVA, independent t-test and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis. Result: The % change of body weight was significantly (p<0.001) lower in DC-A in comparison to that of BC. The weight of pancreas was significantly lower in DC-A (p<0.001) and DG-A-P (p<0.05) when compared to that BC, whereas this level was significantly higher (p<0.001) in DG-A-P than that of DC-A. The mean fasting blood glucose level on day-3 was significantly (p<0.001) higher in DC-A and DG-A-P in comparison to that of BC. Then this level was significantly (p<0.001) lower in DG-A-P in comparison to that of DC-A on day-22. Moreover, significantly higher levels of HbA1c were observed in DC-A (p<0.001) and DG-A-P (p<0.05) in comparison to those of BC. Again, significantly (p<0.001) lower level of blood HbA1c were observed in DG-A-P than those of DC-A. Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) has anti-diabetic effect by reducing fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels. This anti-diabetic effect may be due to its high MUFA content and anti-oxidant property. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i2.22796 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, December; 9(2): 48-53

Anti-diabetic effect of metformin combined with peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

“…It has been suggested that, some active components of peanut like oleic acid 15 , quercetin (a flavonoid present in peanut) 16 and resveratrol (a poly-phenol phytoalexin present in peanut) 19 stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic â cells, inhibit the intestinal absorption of glucose 17 , increases insulin sensitivity 19 and ultimately reduces the blood glucose level and lowers the risk of diabetic mellitus 15,34 . Treatment with peanut also improves body weight by increasing insulin secretion and sensitivity, which reduces proteolysis and prevents muscle wasting 13,24 .…”

“…Procurement and maintenance of animals 13,22 Forty (40) healthy Wistar Albino male rats, 90 to 120 days old, weighing 225-240 g were used in this study. The animals were purchased from animal house of Department of Pharmacology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar Dhaka.…”

“…Now a days, there has been increasing demand for the use of plant product with anti-diabetic activity due to low cost, easy availability and lesser side effects 11 . Among them, different nuts like walnut 12 , peanut 13 etc. possesses antidiabetic effect and used in the treatment of diabetes.…”

“…Recently, anti-diabetic effect of peanut was found in alloxan induced diabetic rats with significant improvement of FBG, HbA 1c levels and body weight 13 . Moreover, in another experimental study researchers found significantly lower levels of FBG, HOMA-IR and higher level of serum insulin in rats treated with conventional antidiabetic drug metformin along with some natural products in comparison to that of metformin alone treated rats 21 .…”

Effect of Oyster Mushroom on Kidney in Stress Induced Depressed Rats

“…However, some researchersobserved hepatoprotective 16 , antidepressant 17 and hypoglyceamic 18 effects of Oyster mushroom in ratsinour country. In addition, mushrooms have antihypertensive 19 ,andlipid lowering effect 20 and it also plays a role in the development and function of the central nervous system 21 .…”