Effect of parenting stress, self‐esteem and parent–child interaction in parents of children with allergic rhinitis on self‐esteem of children: Analysis of Actor‐partner Interdependence Model
Abstract:Aim
It is important to focus on the early identification of factors that promote children's self‐esteem, to foster the healthy development of children with allergic rhinitis. This study aimed to identify the effects of parents' parenting stress, self‐esteem, and parent–child interaction on the self‐esteem of children with allergic rhinitis.
Methods
Structural equation modeling was used to verify the conceptual model. This study was conducted on 656 children with symptoms of allergic rhinitis and their parents … Show more
“…Second, parenting stress influenced self-esteem, which affected the life satisfaction of both parents. These results are similar to the findings of a Korean study conducted on 656 children diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and their parents, which found that fathers' parenting stress influenced mothers' self-esteem [32]. Furthermore, these results support the findings that positively evaluating oneself is linked to one's QOL [33].…”
This study examines the serial dual mediating effects of marital conflict and self-esteem on the relationship between parenting stress and life satisfaction in parents of school-aged children with chronic conditions. This study aims to present foundational data for developing nursing interventions for parents caring for children with chronic illnesses. Of the 2150 parents who participated in the 13th Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC), 271 raising a child with a chronic illness were enrolled in the study. The serial dual mediating effect was analyzed using PROCESS macro Model 6. The serial dual mediating effects of parenting stress, marital conflict, and self-esteem on parents’ life satisfaction were analyzed. Marital conflict and self-esteem had significant serial multiple mediating effects on the relationship between stress and life satisfaction in fathers (B = −0.11, bootstrap 95% CI = −0.16–−0.06) and mothers (B = −0.06, bootstrap 95% CI = −0.09–−0.03). Our results suggest that marital conflict increases with increasing parenting stress and that increased marital conflict sequentially reduces self-esteem, ultimately diminishing life satisfaction in parents raising a child with a chronic condition. Thus, relevant nursing interventions and social support are essential to boost the life satisfaction of parents raising children with chronic conditions.
“…Second, parenting stress influenced self-esteem, which affected the life satisfaction of both parents. These results are similar to the findings of a Korean study conducted on 656 children diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and their parents, which found that fathers' parenting stress influenced mothers' self-esteem [32]. Furthermore, these results support the findings that positively evaluating oneself is linked to one's QOL [33].…”
This study examines the serial dual mediating effects of marital conflict and self-esteem on the relationship between parenting stress and life satisfaction in parents of school-aged children with chronic conditions. This study aims to present foundational data for developing nursing interventions for parents caring for children with chronic illnesses. Of the 2150 parents who participated in the 13th Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC), 271 raising a child with a chronic illness were enrolled in the study. The serial dual mediating effect was analyzed using PROCESS macro Model 6. The serial dual mediating effects of parenting stress, marital conflict, and self-esteem on parents’ life satisfaction were analyzed. Marital conflict and self-esteem had significant serial multiple mediating effects on the relationship between stress and life satisfaction in fathers (B = −0.11, bootstrap 95% CI = −0.16–−0.06) and mothers (B = −0.06, bootstrap 95% CI = −0.09–−0.03). Our results suggest that marital conflict increases with increasing parenting stress and that increased marital conflict sequentially reduces self-esteem, ultimately diminishing life satisfaction in parents raising a child with a chronic condition. Thus, relevant nursing interventions and social support are essential to boost the life satisfaction of parents raising children with chronic conditions.
“…Moreover, they may see their parenting stress as personal deficiencies in isolation, rather than a problem that all parents are likely to encounter, which may hinder their development of self‐compassion. In addition, previous research has shown that parents perceived parenting stress could reduce their self‐esteem (Jeong Won & Hun‐ha, 2020) and self‐efficacy (Deater‐Deckard, 2017). Therefore, parenting stress might affect parents' self‐compassion.…”
Abundant research has shown that self-compassion robustly contributes to adults' psychological wellbeing. Meanwhile, a few studies have shown that selfcompassion is rooted in early experiences with parents.
“…Recently, with in‐depth exploration of the Theory of Dyadic Illness Management, APIM is increasingly applied to estimate inherent interdependence between dyadic ones in different situations. Cross‐sectional and longitudinal research all indicated children's emotion and parents' perception of children were connected and interacted with their physiological and psychological states (Fagan & Palkovitz, 2019; Han & Lee, 2020; Jeong & Hun‐Ha, 2020; Milan & Carlone, 2018). However, interaction of QoL and perspective of children's transition readiness concerning dyadic phenomena between parent–child relationships are rarely considered relevant.…”
Aim
To delineate the impact of perspective of children's transition readiness from paediatric to adult health care on quality of life in child–parent dyads with long‐term conditions. We used Actor–Partner Interdependence Model to identify actor effects (effect of one's own transition readiness on one's own quality of life) and partner effects (effect of one's own transition readiness on the partner's quality of life).
Design
A multi‐centre cross‐sectional survey.
Methods
The study was conducted in two paediatric hospitals in China from October 2018‐August 2019. We used a researcher‐designed questionnaire to collect demographic and clinical characteristics. Furthermore, we used four questionnaires assessing transition readiness and quality of life in child and parent respectively to collect data from 370 child–parent dyads. Structural equation modelling was applied to estimate the effect of actor–partner interdependence models.
Results
The total score of transition readiness had two actor effects on total child and parent quality of life controlling for age (βchildren = 3.335, p = .032 and βparents = 8.952, p < .001), while only one actor effect controlling for gender (βparents = 8.891, p < .001). Specific transition readiness dimensions had different partner effects on different domains of children and parents' quality of life. Moreover, younger children and fathers had a better quality of life.
Conclusion
Our study verified inherently interpersonal relationship that transition readiness appeared to influence quality of life in child–parent dyads with long‐term conditions.
Impact
This study was the first to verify mutual influence of transition readiness and quality of life in child–parent dyad using actor–partner interdependence model. Nurses who design the transition promoting programs should consider the effective communication between healthcare provider and child–parent dyads and support parents' involvement to improve shared understanding about managing child's condition, especially for older children and mothers.
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