Effect of parasympathectomy on the histochemical maturation of myoepithelial cells of the rat sublingual salivary gland

Murakami, Michitaka; Nagato, Toshikazu; Tanioka, Hiroaki

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(91)90144-j

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…2b), which fits very well with the existence of myoepithelial cell populations that are important for glandular contraction and expulsion of saliva. Taken together, the GO analysis, confirms the validity and the possible functional significance of our SG developmental stage-specific gene expression profile [36–38]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

RNA-seq based transcriptomic map reveals new insights into mouse salivary gland development and maturation

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMouse models have served a valuable role in deciphering various facets of Salivary Gland (SG) biology, from normal developmental programs to diseased states. To facilitate such studies, gene expression profiling maps have been generated for various stages of SG organogenesis. However these prior studies fall short of capturing the transcriptional complexity due to the limited scope of gene-centric microarray-based technology. Compared to microarray, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) offers unbiased detection of novel transcripts, broader dynamic range and high specificity and sensitivity for detection of genes, transcripts, and differential gene expression. Although RNA-seq data, particularly under the auspices of the ENCODE project, have covered a large number of biological specimens, studies on the SG have been lacking.ResultsTo better appreciate the wide spectrum of gene expression profiles, we isolated RNA from mouse submandibular salivary glands at different embryonic and adult stages. In parallel, we processed RNA-seq data for 24 organs and tissues obtained from the mouse ENCODE consortium and calculated the average gene expression values. To identify molecular players and pathways likely to be relevant for SG biology, we performed functional gene enrichment analysis, network construction and hierarchal clustering of the RNA-seq datasets obtained from different stages of SG development and maturation, and other mouse organs and tissues. Our bioinformatics-based data analysis not only reaffirmed known modulators of SG morphogenesis but revealed novel transcription factors and signaling pathways unique to mouse SG biology and function. Finally we demonstrated that the unique SG gene signature obtained from our mouse studies is also well conserved and can demarcate features of the human SG transcriptome that is different from other tissues.ConclusionsOur RNA-seq based Atlas has revealed a high-resolution cartographic view of the dynamic transcriptomic landscape of the mouse SG at various stages. These RNA-seq datasets will complement pre-existing microarray based datasets, including the Salivary Gland Molecular Anatomy Project by offering a broader systems-biology based perspective rather than the classical gene-centric view. Ultimately such resources will be valuable in providing a useful toolkit to better understand how the diverse cell population of the SG are organized and controlled during development and differentiation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3228-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

RNA-seq based transcriptomic map reveals new insights into mouse salivary gland development and maturation

et al. 2016

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“…Both nitrobenzoxadiazole-phalacidin (Barak, et al 1980) and rhodamine-phalloidin (Wulf et al, 1979) bind selectively to actin when it is polymerized into filaments. In salivary glands, moderate to heavy fluorescence marks the myofibrils of the MEC, the terminal web of all cells bordering lumina including filaments from the zonulae occludens and adherens, a felt-like mesh of filaments scattered throughout the cytoplasm of the striated and excretory ducts, and, in immature acini, bands of filaments near the basal plasmalemma (Drenkhahn and Mannherz, 1983;Murakami et al, 1991;Okamura et al, 1990;Tojyo et al, 1989). There is little or no fluorescence associated with the intermediate filaments (tonofilaments) radiating from the desmosomes.…”

Section: Dyes and Stains Selective For Actin And Myosinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myoepithelium of salivary glands

Redman¹

1994

Microscopy Res & Technique

152

146

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In salivary glands and other exocrine organs, there are starfish-shaped cells that lie between the basal lamina and the acinar and ductal cells. These have structural features of both epithelium and smooth muscle cells, and so are called myoepithelial cells. Their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells. They also may aid in the propagation of secretory and other stimuli. Their common developmental origin with the basal cells of the larger ducts is displayed in the mature glands by shared structural and immunohistochemical features, but most such basal cells do not have the distinguishing features of myoepithelial cells, such as myofibrils. Although myoepithelial cells can be identified by light microscopy through enzyme histochemistry and special stains and immunohistochemistry for their myofibrils, these techniques can be misleading in salivary gland neoplasms. Thus, the most reliable means of identifying neoplastic myoepithelial cells is with a combination of histochemistry and electron microscopy. The extent to which these cells are derived from undifferentiated stem cells in both normal and neoplastic growth is controversial. The presentation here of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of well-differentiated myoepithelial cells in mitotic division indicates that stem cells are not necessarily the only source of myoepithelial cells in the later stages of salivary gland development or in neoplasia.

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“…Parasympathetic stimulation of the salivary glands generally leads to increased saliva excretion (Berggreen et al , ), but also stimulates contraction of the myoepithelial cells to enhance saliva expulsion (Proctor and Carpenter, ). Denervation of the salivary gland at an early stage after birth leads to underdevelopment of myoepithelial cells in the rat (Murakami et al , ). While the α 7nAChR, expressed on myoepithelial cells, appears to have a functional role in saliva excretion under normal conditions and might have an effect in SjS in terms of stimulation of expulsion of remaining saliva, our results do not support a disease‐modifying effect of stimulation of the α 7nAChR based on inhibition of inflammation with subsequent sparing of saliva production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%