Effect of Ozonated Olive Oil in Topical Application towards Osteoblast Number and Angiogenesis of Alveolar Bone in Periodontitis Healing Process (in vivo study in Sprague dawley Rats)

Abstract

Ozonated olive oil has been widely used as a local infection therapy to overcome bacterial resistance from antibiotics with systemic administration. However, the disadvantage of systemic antibiotics is it cannot be used in large doses for local infection therapy. Periodontitis is an infectious disease that causes alveolar bone damage. In the periodontitis healing process, osteoblasts and angiogenesis play essential roles in bone regeneration. The study aims to determine the effect of topical application ozonated olive oil to osteoblasts number and angiogenesis of alveolar bone in periodontitis healing process using in vivo study. 32 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the treatment and placebo groups, 16 rats in each group. The induction of periodontitis was performed by ligating lower incisor with silk ligature for seven days. The treatment group received ozonated olive oil, and the placebo group received 1 % of CMC-Na twice a day. Four rats from each group were necropsied on day 3, 5, 7, and 14 and then processed into histological sample preparations by hematoxylin-eosin staining and counted the number of osteoblast and blood vessels. All collected data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and posthoc LSD test. The average number of osteoblasts, blood vessels in the treatment group were significantly higher than the placebo group (p <0.05) either on day 3, 5, 7, and 14. Results showed the ozonated olive oil increase the regeneration of alveolar bone in the periodontitis healing process in Sprague Dawley. Therefore ozonated olive oil has the effect of periodontal tissue regeneration.

Application of Ozonated Olive Oil as Adjunctive Therapy after Periodontal Pocket Curettage towards Collagen Density of Alveolar Bone in Periodontitis Healing Process (In Vivo Study with Sprague dawley)

“…The results of the study demonstrated that osteoblasts number increased from day 3, 5, 7, and continued up to day 14 both in ozonated olive oil treatment and placebo group, which indicated by the observation time that affected the number of osteoblasts significantly. The number of blood vessels peaked on day 7 decreased up to day 14, both in the treatment and the placebo group (Herawati et al, 2020). The collagen density continued up to day 14, the pattern like to osteoblast.…”

“…Rats were injected with ketamine hydrochloride (0.2 mL/ 200 g body weight) intramuscular in the upper thigh to give a sedative effect before induced periodontitis by placing silkligature around sub-mandibular incisors. Tissues inflammation was curetted after 7 days inducing periodontitis, ozonated olive oil (PurO3 LLC, Fayetteville, AR USA) was applied to treatment groups and 1% Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) was applied to placebo groups, twice a day to mandible incisors periodontal pocket using explorer tip (Herawati et al, 2020).…”

“…The observation on collagen fiber density was conducted on five view fields under light microscope with the 4(X) 100 objectives by two observers. Collagen appears to be light blue to dark blue with varied densities (Herawati et al, 2020). Criteria for valuation are: score 1 showed collagen fiber density is less than 50% with less dense tissue structure, vascularization, mononuclear cells, and many cells can be found (Figure 1-A); score 2 showed collagen fiber density is more than 50% with more dense Figure 1.…”

“…Ozonated olive oil by topical application increases the number of alveolar bone osteoblasts, blood vessels in the healing process of periodontitis on Sprague dawley (Herawati et al, 2020). Collagen is the main constituent of the bone extracellular matrix (Sudatri, 2010).…”

Effects of Cocoa Pod Husk Extract (Theobroma Cacao L.) on Alveolar Bone in Experimental Periodontitis Rats

“…Observation on day 7 due to the initiation of new bone formation to synthesize and secrete matrix, and day 14 was the peak of the osteoblasts activity after bone loss. The peak of osteoblast cell activity would lead to increased collagen and matrix deposition by osteoblasts [15]. This study aimed to analyze the number of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in alveolar periodontitis rats at day 7 and 14 after administering the extract gel of cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.).…”