Effect of Oxide Inclusions on the Magnetic Properties of Non‐Oriented Electrical Steel

Ren, Qiang; Zhang, Lifeng; Yang, Wen

doi:10.1002/srin.201800047

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…During Aspex detection, 16 uniformly distributed chords that started from the geometric center and moved to the edge of the inclusion were used to measure the minimum, maximum, and average diameters, as well as the areas of the inclusions. The schematic of each diameter was presented in a previous work . All the inclusions with maximum‐diameters larger than 1 µm were detected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Wang

Yang

Zhang

2019

steel research int.

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Laboratory experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of cooling rate on oxide inclusions during the solidification of Si-Mn killed 304 stainless steel. The oxide inclusions in the 304 stainless steel were Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -CaO-MnO-MgO system. During the cooling process, the change of inclusions is supposed to consist of two steps. The first step is the precipitation and growth of SiO 2 -MnO-Al 2 O 3 type inclusions during the solidification process of steel. The second step is the transformation of inclusions into the MnO-Cr 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 system in solid steel by the interaction between inclusions and the steel matrix. Smaller cooling rate led to the more complete growth and transformation of inclusions. With decreasing the cooling rate, the number of large inclusions increased while that of small inclusions decreased. Meanwhile, the diameter of the inclusions increased. The main reason for the size difference of inclusions at different cooling rates is the difference of inclusion growth during solidification.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Wang

Yang

Zhang

2019

steel research int.

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“…The deformation of inclusions during the rolling process had a direct influence on the property of steel products. For the non-oriented silicon steel, the grain pinning by deformed inclusions on the steel grain was responsible for the magnetic induction performance of steel 33,34) . For the tire cord steel, the steel bar was colddrawn into very fine wires, which required not only high cleanliness, but also good deformability of inclusions to avoid the fracture of the tire cord steel 35) .…”

Section: і Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel during Rolling Process: A Review

2022

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Non-metallic inclusions were deformed and broken during hot and cold rolling processes. The deformation of inclusions during the rolling process had an influence on the property of steel products.Investigations on the deformation of inclusions in steel was reviewed in the current study. Physical properties of inclusions were summarized and compared, such as the melting temperature, viscosity, Young's modulus, hardness, thermal expansion coefficient, crystallization, and Poisson's ratio. The deformability index of inclusions showed a decreasing tendency with a higher rolling reduction.During the hot rolling process, the deformability index of oxide inclusions was mainly related to the melting temperature and viscosity of inclusions. With the increase of the rolling temperature, the deformability index of oxide inclusions showed an increasing tendency due to the higher liquid fraction and the lower viscosity of inclusions. During the hot rolling process, the deformability index of MnS inclusions increased with a decrease of the rolling temperature until reaching the austenite to ferrite matrix transformation temperature. During the cold rolling process, deformability index of oxide inclusions was mainly influenced by Young's modulus and hardness of inclusions. Inclusions with a lower Young's modulus exhibited a higher deformability index during the cold rolling process.Moreover, the focus on the inclusion deformation in the future was proposed in this paper.

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“…Nonoriented electrical (NOE) steel is one of the key soft magnetic materials which is used to make rotating iron cores in motors and generators. Magnetic properties are the most required performances of NOE steels and are mainly affected by the composition of the steel especially the contents of aluminum and silicon, [1,2] the microstructure namely the grain size and textures, [3,4] the impurities mainly including second-phase inclusions and residual harmful elements, [5][6][7][8] and the rolling and annealing process parameters. [9][10][11][12] Second-phase inclusions especially nanodiameter sulfides can retard the migration of grain boundaries by Zener force, causing fine grain size and unfavorable textures, which were harmful to magnetic properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification Mechanism of Lanthanum on Alumina Inclusions in a Nonoriented Electrical Steel

Ren

Cheng

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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The modification mechanism of lanthanum on alumina inclusions in a nonoriented electrical steel at 1600 °C is investigated using laboratory experiments. Inclusions are analyzed using an automatic scanning electron microscope equipped with energy‐dispersive spectrum at 1, 5, 10, and 30 min after lanthanum treatment. The contents of total oxygen (TO), total sulfur (TS), and total lanthanum (TLa) in steel are analyzed. Results show that Al2O3 inclusions are modified by lanthanum in two ways. One is that the dissolved lanthanum directly reduces the aluminum in Al2O3 inclusions and forms LaAl11O18 or LaAlO3 ones. The other is that a new La2O2S or LaS x shell is preferentially generated at the outside of Al2O3 and forms multiphase inclusions. With time increasing, the La2O2S or LaS x shell gradually reacts with the Al2O3 core and generates stable lanthanum‐containing inclusions. At the initial stage of lanthanum treatment, many transient inclusions including LaS x , La2O2S, and La–P(–As) are formed due to the high concentration of lanthanum, while gradually redissolving with time increasing. With the increase in TLa content in steel, the formation sequence of stable inclusions is Al2O3 → LaAl11O18 → LaAlO3 → La2O2S → LaS x , which is consistent with thermodynamic analysis.

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Effect of Oxide Inclusions on the Magnetic Properties of Non‐Oriented Electrical Steel

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Deformation of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel during Rolling Process: A Review

Modification Mechanism of Lanthanum on Alumina Inclusions in a Nonoriented Electrical Steel

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