Deformation of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel during Rolling Process: A Review

Abstract

Non-metallic inclusions were deformed and broken during hot and cold rolling processes. The deformation of inclusions during the rolling process had an influence on the property of steel products.Investigations on the deformation of inclusions in steel was reviewed in the current study. Physical properties of inclusions were summarized and compared, such as the melting temperature, viscosity, Young's modulus, hardness, thermal expansion coefficient, crystallization, and Poisson's ratio. The deformability index of inclusions showed a decreasing tendency with a higher rolling reduction.During the hot rolling process, the deformability index of oxide inclusions was mainly related to the melting temperature and viscosity of inclusions. With the increase of the rolling temperature, the deformability index of oxide inclusions showed an increasing tendency due to the higher liquid fraction and the lower viscosity of inclusions. During the hot rolling process, the deformability index of MnS inclusions increased with a decrease of the rolling temperature until reaching the austenite to ferrite matrix transformation temperature. During the cold rolling process, deformability index of oxide inclusions was mainly influenced by Young's modulus and hardness of inclusions. Inclusions with a lower Young's modulus exhibited a higher deformability index during the cold rolling process.Moreover, the focus on the inclusion deformation in the future was proposed in this paper.

A finite element model to analyse forming defects in rolling-extrusion of finned tubes

“…The analysed cases were organized varying the process variables appropriately in order to be able to investigate their effects, separately, reducing at the same time the number of simulations to be run (Table 3). is the room temperature and 200°C is the limit to be the steel still considered as cold processed [23]. For the other two variables, instead, the current set value was doubled for T D and halved for µ to test their effects on the process after a consistent variation moving to values that should move the critical conditions away.…”

Formation Mechanisms and Three-dimensional Characterization of Composite Inclusions in Low Aluminum Steel Deoxidized by Silicon

“…7,8) The types, quantities and distributions of inclusions are important to the quality of the steel. [9][10][11][12] Many researchers have studied the types of inclusions and the formation mechanism in the steel after the deoxidation by silicon alloys. Thapliyal et al 13) observed the inclusions containing Mn-Si-Al-S-O in Si-Mn killed steels after Si-Mn deoxidation.…”