Effect of organic farming on a Stagnic Luvisol soil physical quality

Głąb, Tomasz; Pużyńska, Katarzyna; Pużyński, S; Palmowska, J.; Kowalik, Klaudia

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.07.008

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Other authors [42,46,47] underline that the legume component performs better in a situation of N deficiency, which may happen in the organic crop rotations. Cultivation of mixtures of oat and legumes is beneficial through the structure-forming action of the legume root system [48], increasing soil biodiversity and activating nutrients from compounds inaccessible to the root system of cereals [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Yield and Total Protein Content of Organically Grown Oats–Vetch Mixtures Depending on Soil Type and Oats’ Cultivar

Pużyńska

Pużyński²,

Synowiec

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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The yield and quality of crop mixtures depend on natural and agrotechnical factors and their relationships. This research aimed to analyze the grain yield, its components and total protein content of the organically grown oat–vetch mixture on two different soils and depending on the oat cultivar. The three-year field experiment with two crop rotations was carried out. The experiment was set up in the southern Poland on two soils: Stagnic Luvisol (S.L.) and Haplic Cambisol (H.C.). One of four oat cultivars (‘Celer’, ‘Furman’, ‘Grajcar’ and ‘Kasztan’) was grown with the common vetch cv. ‘Hanka’. The results showed that the grain yield of mixtures was affected mainly by weather conditions. During the dry season, the share of vetch in the grain yield was 46% lower than in the season of regular rainfall. The share of vetch seeds in the mixture’s yield was ca. 21% higher when the mixtures were grown on the S.L. than the H.C. soil. The selection of oats’ cultivar for the mixture with vetch affected significantly the thousand seed mass and protein content in the vetch seeds, 46.2–50.4 g and 270–280 g kg−1, respectively. The mixture with Kasztan cultivar yielded the best and this oat cultivar seemed to be the most appropriate for organic conditions; however, in years with high variability of rainfall distribution its usefulness was less.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Yield and Total Protein Content of Organically Grown Oats–Vetch Mixtures Depending on Soil Type and Oats’ Cultivar

Pużyńska

Pużyński²,

Synowiec

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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“…The different management practices applied in cropping systems affect the soil structure and soil composition, and consequently the SWR and other physical soil properties. Organic and conservation farming (defined as a farming system that promotes practices about maintenance of a permanent soil cover, minimum soil disturbances and crop diversification [28]) can increase the soil water storage through better soil aggregation and improved soil structure [29], but in some cases, the conventional systems yield higher water contents as a result of higher microporosity [30]. The SOC decreases when SOC losses due to erosion or/and mineralization, which can be stimulated also through soil tillage, exceed the organic carbon inputs coming from the addition of exogenous organic inputs (compost or manure) and organic inputs from crop residues (shoots and roots) [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Water Retention as Affected by Management Induced Changes of Soil Organic Carbon: Analysis of Long-Term Experiments in Europe

Panagea

Berti

Čermák

et al. 2021

Land

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Soil water retention (SWR) is an important soil property related to soil structure, texture, and organic matter (SOM), among other properties. Agricultural management practices affect some of these properties in an interdependent way. In this study, the impact of management-induced changes of soil organic carbon (SOC) on SWR is evaluated in five long-term experiments in Europe (running from 8 up to 54 years when samples were taken). Topsoil samples (0–15 cm) were collected and analysed to evaluate the effects of three different management categories, i.e., soil tillage, the addition of exogenous organic materials, the incorporation of crop residues affecting SOC and water content under a range of matric potentials. Changes in the total SOC up to 10 g C kg−1 soil (1%) observed for the different management practices, do not cause statistically significant differences in the SWR characteristics as expected. The direct impact of the SOC on SWR is consistent but negligible, whereas the indirect impact of SOC in the higher matric potentials, which are mainly affected by soil structure and aggregate composition, prevails. The different water content responses under the various matric potentials to SOC changes for each management group implies that one conservation measure alone has a limited effect on SWR and only a combination of several practices that lead to better soil structure, such as reduced soil disturbances combined with increased SOM inputs can lead to better water holding capacity of the soil.

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“…Crop mixtures are essential for crop rotations in organic farming [9][10][11], contributing to several ecosystem services [12]; they are responsible for the maintenance of greater species diversity in crop-rotation [13,14], an increase in biologically bound nitrogen in soil [15,16], and a decrease in disease and pest outcomes [17]. Moreover, cereal-legume mixtures with varying rooting depth improve soil structure, i.e., by loosening deeper layers of soil [18,19], making mechanical operations easier. Contrarily, in conventional farming, which is cash-oriented, the role of cereal-legume mixtures is marginal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Performance of Oat-Vetch Mixtures in Organic and Conventional Farming Systems

Pużyńska

Synowiec

Pużyński³

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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The research aimed to compare the yields and yield components of mixtures of oats with common vetch grown for seeds in organic and conventional farming systems. Moreover, the selection of oat cultivars for the mixture and its performance in a crop rotation experiment in different growing years was analyzed. Additionally, the leaf area index (LAI) and the relative content of chlorophyll (SPAD) of the mixtures were assessed. The field experiment with four-field crop rotation in organic or conventional farming systems was carried out in 2012–2014 in southern Poland. Common vetch (Vicia sativa L., cv. ‘Hanka’) was mixed with one of two oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars, ‘Celer’ or ‘Grajcar.’ The effects of all of the factors on the mixtures’ canopy indices and yield were found. The canonical analysis revealed that the weather course, especially drought, had the largest effect on the oat-vetch mixtures’ performance. Moreover, the mixtures developed the highest LAI (5.28 m2∙m−2) and seed yield (4.57 t ha−1) in the conventional farming system. On the contrary, the share of vetch seeds in the mixtures was 24% higher in the organic system than in the conventional one. The selection of cv. ‘Grajcar’ oats for the mixture with vetch increased the share of vetch seeds in the yield by 16.5%. In summary, a balanced share of oat-vetch mixture components depends on the proper selection of the oat cultivar, especially for organic farming systems.

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Effect of organic farming on a Stagnic Luvisol soil physical quality

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Grain Yield and Total Protein Content of Organically Grown Oats–Vetch Mixtures Depending on Soil Type and Oats’ Cultivar

Grain Yield and Total Protein Content of Organically Grown Oats–Vetch Mixtures Depending on Soil Type and Oats’ Cultivar

Soil Water Retention as Affected by Management Induced Changes of Soil Organic Carbon: Analysis of Long-Term Experiments in Europe

The Performance of Oat-Vetch Mixtures in Organic and Conventional Farming Systems

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