Effect of organic, conventional and mixed cultivation practices on soil microbial community structure and nematode abundance in a cultivated onion crop

Reilly, Kim; Cullen, Eileen; Lola-Luz, Theodora; Stone, D.; Valverde, Juan Miguel; Gaffney, Michael; Brunton, Nigel P.; Grant, James; Griffiths, Bryan S.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.6206

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our results are corroborated with those of Mishra et al (1987) who found 832 actinomycetes, 70 fungus and 40 bacterial isolates from various soil types and reported the predominantly active 27 strains with insecticidal and nematicidal traits as actinomycetes. Our results are further supported by Polyanskaya et al (1996), who isolated antibiotic heliomycin producing actinomycete S. olivocinereus from earthworm E. foetida and Reilly et al (2013), who observed higher microbial communities and activities in organic fields compared with farming systems utilising conventional agriculture.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Biological activity of entomopathogenic actinomycetes against lepidopteran insects (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)

VijayabharathiRajendran

Ratna

SathyaArumugam

et al. 2014

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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S. 2014. Biological activity of entomopathogenic actinomycetes against lepidopteran insects (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 759Á769. The aim of the present study was to identify an efficient broad-spectrum bio-pesticide for the control of lepidopteran insects from microbes in various ecological niches. A total of 111 microbes isolated from various herbal vermi-composts and organically cultivated fields were evaluated for their intracellular metabolites (ICM), extracellular metabolites (ECM) and whole culture (WC) against early instars of lepidopteran insects. Fifteen actinomycete isolates which showed insecticidal activity against 2nd instar Helicoverpa armigera were selected and further screened against Spodoptera litura and Chilo partellus. A significant broad spectrum insecticidal activity was found in the order ECM ICM WC against all the insects under laboratory conditions. All these actinomycete isolates also registered significant activity under greenhouse conditions on 2nd instar H. armigera. The actinomycete isolates were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and matched with Streptomyces species using BLAST search. Among all the 15 isolates, SAI-25 (S. griseoplanus), CAI-155 (S. bacillaris) and BCA-698 (S. albolongus) showed consistent entomopathogenic activity against all the three insects suggesting their potential as broad-spectrum biocontrol agents against other lepidopterans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Biological activity of entomopathogenic actinomycetes against lepidopteran insects (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)

VijayabharathiRajendran

Ratna

SathyaArumugam

et al. 2014

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…However, when compare to unfertilized control soil, both OM and IC having significantly higher 16S rRNA gene abundance clearly explained that the fertility source (either organic or inorganic) is the dominant factor driving the bacterial community structure (Esperschutz et al, 2007;Widmer et al, 2006) and 16S RNA gene density (Orr et al, 2011). Increase of SOC associated with nutrient management had positive correlation with soil bacterial diversity (Jangid et al, 2008;Zhong and Cai, 2007) and abundance (Reilly et al, 2013).…”

Section: Long Term Organic and Inorganic Fertility Managements Favor mentioning

confidence: 90%

Long term effects of nutrient management regimes on abundance of bacterial genes and soil biochemical processes for fertility sustainability in a semi-arid tropical Alfisol

2014

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“…Although positive effects of organic management have been widely reported (Liu et al, 2007; Ge et al, 2008; Jonason et al, 2011; Hartmann et al, 2015), the effects of farming systems on diversity of microbial communities are complex and commonly controversial (Kleijn et al, 2001). Ge et al (2008) found an increase in diversity after manure amendment, and other studies reported no differences or decrease in bacterial diversity and richness when organic systems were compared to conventional management (Liu et al, 2007; Reilly et al, 2013). Bengtsson et al (2005) argue that in most cases, organic farming can be expected to benefit the biodiversity, but the effects will differ between organism groups and landscapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Effects of farming systems on microbial communities are complex and time-dependent (Jonason et al, 2011). In general, it has been reported that management practices in organic farming systems change the microbial composition toward a more fast growing community (copiotrophic community) due to nutrients (Chaudhry et al, 2012), promote habitat diversification, increase the diversity and sustainability, and benefit microbial taxa involved in plant health when compared to conventional farming systems (Esperschutz et al, 2007; Sugiyama et al, 2010; Reilly et al, 2013; Gonthier et al, 2014). However, up to date, there are no studies about microbial community heterogeneity, which we refer as microbial community variability, in different farming systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Microbiome Is More Heterogeneous in Organic Than in Conventional Farming System

et al. 2017

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Organic farming system and sustainable management of soil pathogens aim at reducing the use of agricultural chemicals in order to improve ecosystem health. Despite the essential role of microbial communities in agro-ecosystems, we still have limited understanding of the complex response of microbial diversity and composition to organic and conventional farming systems and to alternative methods for controlling plant pathogens. In this study we assessed the microbial community structure, diversity and richness using 16S rRNA gene next generation sequences and report that conventional and organic farming systems had major influence on soil microbial diversity and community composition while the effects of the soil health treatments (sustainable alternatives for chemical control) in both farming systems were of smaller magnitude. Organically managed system increased taxonomic and phylogenetic richness, diversity and heterogeneity of the soil microbiota when compared with conventional farming system. The composition of microbial communities, but not the diversity nor heterogeneity, were altered by soil health treatments. Soil health treatments exhibited an overrepresentation of specific microbial taxa which are known to be involved in soil suppressiveness to pathogens (plant-parasitic nematodes and soil-borne fungi). Our results provide a comprehensive survey on the response of microbial communities to different agricultural systems and to soil treatments for controlling plant pathogens and give novel insights to improve the sustainability of agro-ecosystems by means of beneficial microorganisms.

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Effect of organic, conventional and mixed cultivation practices on soil microbial community structure and nematode abundance in a cultivated onion crop

Cited by 45 publications

References 41 publications

Biological activity of entomopathogenic actinomycetes against lepidopteran insects (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)

Biological activity of entomopathogenic actinomycetes against lepidopteran insects (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)

Long term effects of nutrient management regimes on abundance of bacterial genes and soil biochemical processes for fertility sustainability in a semi-arid tropical Alfisol

Soil Microbiome Is More Heterogeneous in Organic Than in Conventional Farming System

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