Effect of oral administration of l-thyroxine (T4) on growth performance, digestibility, and nutrient retention in Channa punctatus (Bloch) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

Abstract

Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 excretion of metabolites, and increases nitrogen retention. These observations suggest that T 4 supplementation of the diet may have practical utility in the culture of slow-growing fish species.

Maternal Thyroid and Glucocorticoid Hormone Interactions in Larval Fish Development, and Their Applications in Aquaculture

“…Among species differences, untoward effects of exogenous THs are often seen in fishes with large eggs, high survival rates, and presumably ample supplies of maternal THs, such as the salmonids (see Mylonas et al, 1994). Overstimulation of skin, bone, and scale development by higher doses of THs in post-larval stages may partially explain their capacity to induce deformities (Karg, 2007). Some deformities may be caused by the promotion by exogenous hormones that regulate developmental processes when the timing of exposure or sensitivity is skewed or when ample amounts of required materials are unavailable (Brown et al, 2010).…”

The use of food wastes as feed ingredients for culturing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) in Hong Kong

“…The amino acid profiles of control, FW A, and FW B were similar (Table 4), possessing similar levels of amino acids, e.g., lysine, glycine, proline, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, which are important for fish growth (Garg 2007;Aksnes et al 2008). The availability and digestibility of proteins are critical for fish growth in this study.…”

The Use of Cyanobacteria <i>Arthrospira platensis</i> and Cladoceran <i>Daphnia magna</i> as Complementary Protein and Lipid Sources in Transitional Diet for Common Carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i> L.) Nursery

“…The control diet also had the highest levels of essential amino acid content that may support larvae growth performance, such as leucine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine. Leucine and isoleucine may help stimulate fish growth and reduce feed conversion [26], whereas phenylalanine content in diet can increase feed efficiency and produces tyroxine (T4), which increase the growth performance [27]. Experimental diet ED3 that has no significant difference on SGR compared to control group was found to contain high essential fatty acids that may support growth such as leucine, isoleucine and phenylalanine.…”